As I write this, the COVID-19 pandemic has the world in its grip,
and shows little sign of relenting. In less than five months, more
than 4 million people have been infected and nearly 300 000 people
have lost their lives and counting. This new virus has taken a
terrible toll on lives and livelihoods around the world, exploiting
the gaps in health systems and magnifying inequalities. Its
political, economic and social effects will be felt for years to
come.
Already, immunization campaigns against polio, measles, cholera, and
other vaccine-preventable diseases have been suspended, and hard-won
gains against HIV, malaria and TB are at risk. The total number of
deaths resulting from the public health disruptions caused by
COVID-19 could be many times greater than the death toll caused
directly by the disease.
The pandemic is a graphic illustration of the vital interconnections
of the work of WHO across each of the “triple billion” targets:
emergency preparedness and response, universal health coverage, and
healthier populations. As COVID-19 reminds us, the Organization's
areas of work are interdependent, and none can exist without the
others.
This Results Report lays out the vital work that we do, and shows
how, even as we are responding to one public health event or
crisis, we are also working to support countries in meeting the
health needs of their populations, strengthening their systems,
and planning for the unexpected.
With the pandemic dominating the headlines now, it is easy to
forget that WHO is simultaneously taking on multiple other health
threats, both ancient and modern.
As we work on responding to this pandemic, we must also prepare
for the next one. Now is an opportunity to lay the foundations for
stronger and more resilient health systems around the world.
The pandemic is a stark reminder of the need for urgent and
sustained investment in health workers and health systems, as the
best defence against health crises – both major, large-scale
crises and those occurring at an individual level that millions of
people face every day.
Health is a political choice. We face shared threats and we have a
shared responsibility to act. If we learn anything from COVID-19,
it must be that investing now saves lives –and money – later.
WHO’s commitment is not only to bringing countries together to end
this pandemic, but also to building a healthier, safer, fairer
world for everyone, everywhere.
progress towards the triple billion targets
ACHIEVING 1 BILLION MORE PEOPLE BENEFITING FROM UNIVERSAL HEALTH
COVERAGE
In 2018–2019, WHO prequalified 213 products, including pioneering
game-changers in a biosimilar life-saving drug for breast cancer, an
Ebola vaccine and a biosimilar insulin for diabetics.
Countries approved a political declaration that includes
comprehensive health commitments at the United Nations General
Assembly in 2019; with WHO’s support and expertise, several
countries have now made progress on the road to universal health
coverage. The dramatic price reductions of antivirals, which WHO
has supported, has enabled more people to afford hepatitis B and
C medicines and more countries to strive for hepatitis C
elimination.
A pilot programme for the world’s first malaria vaccine may save
many children’s lives in future; some 200 000 children have now
been vaccinated in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi.
Expanded coverage and access have also helped several countries
(Egypt, Ghana, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kiribati, Mexico,
Nepal and Yemen) reach elimination goals in a neglected tropical
disease in 2018–2019.
Malaysia, Maldives and Sri Lanka achieved mother-to-child
elimination of HIV and congenital syphilis.
The scale-up of the HEARTS package has resulted in more than 700
000 people receiving treatment for hypertension.
Although access to health services has expanded, the world is
still far short of the 1 billion target, and financial
protection has weakened. Significant progress has been made in
ramping up the capacity to embed interventions for
noncommunicable diseases within primary health care, however
significant work is needed to further expand coverage to end the
epidemics of leading communicable diseases.
ACHIEVING 1 BILLION MORE PEOPLE BETTER PROTECTED FROM HEALTH
EMERGENCIES
WHO battled outbreaks and responded to health needs in
humanitarian crises: WHO picked up thousands of public health
threat “signals” every month, of which more than 980 (in 140
countries) were assessed to be emergency events and responded to,
where necessary.
Following the outbreak of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, WHO coordinated a huge and complex
operation, made more difficult by violence, a mobile population
and a dearth of health facilities. After 18 months of operation,
the Democratic Republic of the Congo achieved a zero-case level
of Ebola virus disease. Thousands of front-line responders
braved considerable risks to defeat the virus, as COVID-19
responders are doing today.
Case numbers fell in major cholera hotspots such as Somalia,
South Sudan and Yemen. Globally, cholera cases declined by 60%
in 2018 thanks to the delivery of 18 million doses of the
vaccine.
Mass vaccination against yellow fever protected more than 100
million people from the disease in 2018–2019.
Some 500 million people were also vaccinated for seasonal
influenza in 2019.
As is evident with the COVID-19 pandemic, a disease outbreak can
bring a nation to its knees. Some crises never made the
headlines due to successful prevention efforts, however for some
diseases, vaccination programmes need to be strengthened. Polio
eradication has also faced challenges with 175 cases of wild
poliovirus being detected in 2019 in Afghanistan and Pakistan,
the most since 2014.
ACHIEVING 1 BILLION MORE PEOPLE LIVING WITH BETTER HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING
Cleaner, safer and more supportive societies promote healthier
populations. WHO’s leadership has helped secure political
commitments from countries to meet WHO air quality guidelines,
address climate change and improve health.
At the United Nations Climate Action Summit held in 2019, 50
countries – representing more than 1 billion people – answered
WHO’s call to provide citizens with clean air by 2030,
committing to achieve WHO’s recommendations.
The number of cities monitoring air quality measurements through
a WHO air quality database has quadrupled since 2011, reaching
4300 in 2018. Thirty countries have already made significant
progress in meeting their commitments to improve safe water,
sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in health facilities.
WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control has protected more
and more people against the harms of tobacco since it was
ratified 15 years ago. Currently, about two thirds of the global
population are covered by at least one tobacco control measure
under WHO’s “MPOWER” package.
A historic agreement was reached between WHO and the
International Food and Beverage Association, which has committed
to eliminate industrially produced trans-fats from the global
food supply by 2023. Fifty-four countries have established
legislations to eliminate industrial trans-fats from the food
supply following WHO’s REPLACE package. With the support of WHO,
60 countries now have a tax on sugar sweetened beverages.
A new tool has been launched to analyse the strengths and
weaknesses of national food safety systems and prioritize
interventions with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (FAO). WHO has also worked with FAO and the World
Organisation for Animal Health in a tripartite arrangement to
strengthen action against antimicrobial resistance. Alliances
with civil society and other partners have helped improve road
safety in Chile, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Slovenia and Trinidad and
Tobago.
Work to promote health and well-being faces a significant
challenge, however, in attracting the attention and investments
that it deserves based on its impact on morbidity and mortality.
enabling who to better serve countries
WHO has elevated its health diplomacy to the highest levels of
government at national and global levels and in international and
regional political bodies, such as the G20, G7 and the Africa Union,
resulting in concrete commitments in promoting the health agenda
within and beyond the health sector.
Innovative health partnerships have widened WHO’s influence: it
has partnered with FIFA on projects targeting children and young
adults and with Google to produce GoogleFit, an app that
monitors physical activity.
The new Science and Data and Delivery Divisions at headquarters
reflect WHO’s commitment to being at the forefront of science
and delivering impacts through its new results framework. WHO
has developed effective digital management tools to support
emergencies. To best support countries, processes have been
redesigned and global public health goods have been prioritized
and WHO established a better coordinated country support
planning initiative. In the long road ahead to fight COVID-19
through solidarity globally, WHO will continue to share
experiences, expertise, resources and technical support with
countries.
of Ebola 18 months after 2018 outbreak in the Democratic Republic
of the Congo
42% reduction
in newborn deaths globally
0 cases
of wild poliovirus across Africa
34,000,000
doses of emergency vaccines worldwide
world's first
Malaria & Ebola Vaccine
1,000
public health threats found in over
140 COUNTRIES
5 BILLION PEOPLE
are covered by at least one measure under
MPOWER
budget implementation summary
Accountability is at the heart of all that we do. We are accountable
for delivering value for money with the resources that we receive.
The World Health Assembly approved a total budget of US$ 4.422
billion for 2018-2019 biennium.
The Programme budget 2018-2019 was presented in two distinct
segments, i.e., Base budget and Polio and special programmes.
In all major offices, the level of implementation in 2018-2019
biennium was higher than in 2016-2017.
The biennium 2018-2019 has the highest funding level of the 3
biennia of GPW 12.
The implementation of available funds was above 90% for all major
offices.
US$ 3.4 billion
Base budget
US$ 1.02 billion
Polio eradication; Special Programme for Research and Training
in Tropical Diseases; and Special Programme of Research,
Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction.
where does who funding come from?
Our contributors' support is vital to our ability to deliver results.
the top 20 contributors account for 77% of total revenue for 2018-2019
CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CORE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS ACCOUNT 2018-2019 (IN
US$ MILLION)
highlights from the results report
We report on the achievements and challenges in each category of work
in the Programme Budget 2018-2019.
These are selected stories that exemplify impact in some countries,
territories and areas.
Click on country label for more information
The designations employed and the presentation of these materials do not
imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO
concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its
authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or
boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border
lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. All references
to Kosovo should be understood to be in the context of the United
Nations Security Council resolution 1244 (1999). A dispute exists
between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland
Islands (Malvinas).