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The LWN.net Linux Distribution List

You have found the LWN.net Linux Distributions List. LWN has been tracking Linux distributions since 1999. Early versions of the list consisted of links on the side bars of the weekly Distribution page. By 2001 the list had grown to fill both sidebars of the weekly page, often trailing far below any actual mid-page content. So the list was moved to a flat file and released on October 11, 2001.

The next major release was on February 7, 2002. Additional information was added to each entry, and in the process links were fixed, entries moved to different categories and dead distributions were removed. Minor revisions have been made almost every week since then. A table of contents was added on May 9, 2002. There have been no major releases since then, however new distributions are added when found, dead distributions are removed when found, and link checking remains an ongoing (low-priority) process. Many thanks to Andrew Cater for a massive link-checking effort that took place in May 2020, resulting in a smaller and more up-to-date list.

We once hoped that this list would move to a searchable database, however that now seems unlikely to happen. We do hope you will enjoy this celebration of Linux diversity, with distributions large and small, specialized and generalized, old and new.

Maintenance of this list ends December 31, 2021.

Table of Contents

    Leading Distributions

    Leading distributions have usually been around for a while and are well-established. They generally support several architectures and are translated into multiple languages. Some come from companies that supply service and support contracts for their products, others are community projects.

  1. Android
    http://www.android.com/
    Android is Linux without any GNU. Google backs Android, which can be found in the wild in phones, tablets and other devices. These devices usually contain proprietary software, and some of the available apps are proprietary as well. See the Android Open Source Project for the open source parts. Android was first announced November 5, 2007. Android 1.5 (Cupcake) was released April 30, 2009. Android 4.4 (KitKat) was released October 31, 2013. Android 5.1 (Lolipop) was announced March 9, 2015. Android 6.0 (Marshmallow) was released September 2015. Android 7.1.2 (Nougat) was released April 3, 2017. Android 8.1 (Oreo) was released December 5, 2017. Android 9 (Pie) was released August 6, 2018. Android 10 (no more names) was released September 3, 2019. Android 11 was released September 8, 2020. Android 12 was released October 4, 2021.

  2. Debian GNU/Linux
    http://www.debian.org/
    The Debian Project is one of the oldest distributions, dating back to 1993, and is currently the largest volunteer-based distribution provider. Debian, the "universal operating system", has been translated into many languages; works on many hardware platforms; has a large repository with a wide variety of packages; includes experimental kernel variants for kfreebsd and the GNU Hurd; and has many derivatives. Debian Stable releases when ready, not on any fixed schedule, but stable releases happen about every two years and are supported for about 3 years. The LTS team provides commercial support for old-stable releases with security updates for a reduced set of packages after the Debian security team ends official support. The Debian testing branch (currently 12.0 "bookworm") is where the next stable release is prepared; packages are more current than stable while (usually) providing a stable desktop. The unstable branch (sid) is more bleeding edge, while the experimental branch contains packages that aren't yet ready for sid. Debian 13 will be named "trixie". Debian 9.0 "stretch" was released June 17, 2017. The 13th and final stretch point release, Debian 9.13, was released July 18, 2020. The LTS team is maintaining stretch. Debian 10.0 "buster" was released July 6, 2019. The eleventh buster point release, Debian 10.11, was released October 9, 2021. Debian 11.0 "bullseye" was released August 14, 2021. The second bullseye point release, Debian 11.2, was released December 18, 2021.

  3. Fedora
    http://fedoraproject.org/
    The Fedora Project is Red Hat's community distribution. It is intended to be a fast-paced distribution for those that like to stay on the leading edge of technology. It is also a test-bed for Red Hat's Enterprise Linux products. The first Fedora Core release was dated November 5, 2003. Fedora strives for a new release every 6 months and releases will be supported for about 13 months. Fedora Editions include Workstation and Server, with CoreOS and IoT in preview. Workstation comes with the GNOME desktop, while Fedora Spins provide alternate desktops. Fedora Labs target a variety of use cases, such as astronomy, design, scientific computing, and more. A number of architectures are supported.
    Still supported: Fedora 34 (released April 27, 2021) and Fedora 35 (released November 2, 2021.

  4. openSUSE
    http://opensuse.org/
    The openSUSE community distribution is supported by SUSE. openSUSE was opened for community development with the release of SUSE Linux 10.0, dated October 6, 2005. openSUSE used to offer a new release every 8 months with 18 months of support, but now offers two options. Tumbleweed uses a rolling release model that updates to the latest stable software, with frequent snapshots. The more conservative openSUSE Leap is based on core SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) components with more up-to-date applications. Its releases follow SLE service packs, with the initial release (42.1) based on SLE 12 SP1. Leap 42.1 was was released November 4, 2015 and reached eol May 16, 2017. With the following release, openSUSE Leap 15 (with SLE 15 components), version numbers for SLE and Leap were aligned. Leap 15.0 was released May 25, 2018 and reached eol December 3, 2019. Leap 15.2 was released July 2, 2020 (eol December 31, 2021). Leap 15.3 was released June 2, 2021. openSUSE Leap 15.4 alpha was released December 2, 2021.

  5. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
    http://www.redhat.com/
    Red Hat, Inc. provides one of the the best known Linux distributions in the world. In 2003 the company announced its decision to drop its popular Red Hat Linux in order to concentrate on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux line. The Fedora Project (see above) has replaced the Red Hat Linux line for the home user or small business. Red Hat Linux 9 was the last release in the Red Hat Linux series. It was released April 7, 2003 and was supported until May 1, 2004. Red Hat Enterprise Linux comes with service and support contracts for those Red Hat customers who require a stable, supported system. There are a number of other Red Hat products for cloud environments. Red Hat was acquired by IBM in July 2019, however no changes were planned for RHEL products and services, or for Fedora and CentOS. Supported versions: RHEL 7 was released June 10, 2014; now at update 7.9, released September 29, 2020. RHEL 8 was released May 7, 2019; now at update 8.5, released November 11, 2021. RHEL 9 beta was released November 3, 2021.

  6. Slackware Linux
    http://www.slackware.com/
    Slackware Documentation Project
    The Slackware project is headed by Patrick J. Volkerding, with a cast of volunteers and a loyal following. It is the oldest active Linux distribution with the first release dated July 16, 1993. For a very long time the official Slackware project only supported x86 platforms, however others have made ports to other platforms. In 2009 the x86_64 port and the ARM port were offically accepted into Slackware. Slackware 13.37 was released April 27, 2011. Slackware 14.0 was released September 26, 2012. The ARM port of Slackware 14.0 was released September 28, 2012. Slackware 14.1 was released November 7, 2013. Slackware 14.2 was released July 1, 2016. Slackware 15.0-rc2 was released November 17, 2021.

  7. SUSE Linux
    http://www.suse.com/
    SUSE Linux has been around since 1994, making it one of the older Linux distributions. The company SUSE originated in Germany and has gone through a few owners, while remaining an independent distribution. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) was introduced in 2001. SLES was joined by the SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (SLED). SLE releases are supported for 10 years, with extended support (LTSS) available to customers. Service Packs (SP) contain updates. Still supported: SLE 11 was originally released March 24, 2009 and is out of general support. SLE 11 SP4, released October 13, 2015, is now in LTSS mode, with eol in March 2022. SLE 12, originally released October 27, 2014 is now at SP5, released December 22, 2019. SLE 15, originally released June 25, 2018 is now at SP3, released June 21, 2021. Regular maintenance and support for SLE 15 SP1 ended January 31, 2021.

  8. Ubuntu
    http://www.ubuntu.com/
    Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu Studio, Lubuntu, Ubuntu Kylin, Ubuntu MATE, and Ubuntu Budgie.
    Ubuntu is supported by Canonical Ltd. The offical 'flavors' listed above use the Ubuntu repositories and infrastructure, but are supported by the community. Ubuntu takes a snapshot of Debian unstable and then creates a small fork, recompiling and stabilizing the code to get a final stable release. Ubuntu releases happen every 6 months, in April and October. Ubuntu comes with the GNOME desktop, Kubuntu with the KDE Plasma desktop, Xubuntu features XFCE, Ubuntu Studio integrates packages for multimedia creation, Lubuntu comes with the LXQt desktop environment, Ubuntu Kylin has been localized and customized for users in China, Ubuntu MATE features the MATE desktop, and Ubuntu Budgie features the Budgie desktop.
    The first Ubuntu release was 4.10 Preview "Warty Warthog", released September 15, 2004. Ubuntu LTS releases are supported for 5 years. Flavors usually have shorter LTS support windows. Non-LTS releases are supported for 9 months. 22.04 "Jammy Jellyfish" is in development.
    Supported versions: 18.04 LTS "Bionic Beaver", now at update 18.04.6 LTS, released September 17, 2021; 20.04 LTS "Focal Fossa", now at update 20.04.3 LTS, released August 26, 2021; 21.04 "Hirsute Hippo", released April 22, 2021 (eol January 20, 2022); and 21.10 "Impish Indri", released October 14, 2021.

    Also well-known

    There is often a fine line between "leading" and "well-known" distributions. Some might consider a few of these to be "leading" distributions.

  9. Arch Linux
    http://www.archlinux.org/
    Arch Linux is a lightweight and flexible distribution that tries to Keep It Simple. It contains the latest stable versions of software. Packages are in .tar.gz format and are tracked by the Pacman package manager, which is designed to allow easy package upgrades. There are few releases in the traditional meaning. A steady stream of package updates are available. New installion media does come out occasionally. The inital version, 0.1, was released March 11, 2002. x86_64 support was added in April 2006. The numbering scheme for Arch installtion media was changed to yyyy.mm format with the August 2009 release. The Arch Linux 2012.10.06 install media boots with systemd. Arch Linux 2021.03.01 is out. New ISOs are coming out monthly.

  10. CentOS
    http://www.centos.org/
    CentOS, the Community ENTerprise Operating System, is an Enterprise-class Linux Distribution derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux sources. Red Hat is a sponsor of CentOS. CentOS aims to be 100% binary compatible. (CentOS mainly changes packages to remove upstream vendor branding and artwork.) There are also Special Interest Groups (SIGs) extending CentOS in various ways. This project dates back to late 2003. CentOS 7.0-1406 was released July 7, 2014. CentOS 7.9-2009 was released November 12, 2020. CentOS 8.3-2011 was released December 7, 2020. On December 8, 2020 it was announced that the end of support for CentOS 8.x will be December 31, 2021. CentOS Stream is a new development platform that is upstream from RHEL, rather than the traditional downstream relationship. CentOS Stream 8 will continue to receive updates through the RHEL 8 support phase. CentOS 8.4-2105 was released June 3, 2021. CentOS 8.5-2111 was released November 16, 2021. CentOS Stream 9, based on Fedora 34, was released December 3, 2021.

  11. Gentoo Linux
    http://www.gentoo.org/
    Gentoo Linux is a source-based distribution (users compile everything from source) that can be optimized and customized for just about any application or need. Gentoo offers extreme performance, configurability and a top-notch user and developer community. Users keep their systems up-to-date using Portage, which is based on BSD Ports. Gentoo is a meta-distribution with a large number of packages available and support for many architectures. There are no official releases but there are regular updates.

  12. KNOPPIX
    http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html
    German: http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/
    http://www.knoppix.net/
    This German distribution is the original, Debian-based live CD, spawning dozens (hundreds?) of remasters and customized live CD distributions. Take your KNOPPIX CD/DVD/USB with you when you're on the road and run Linux anywhere. KNOPPIX is a complete GNU/Linux installation which runs from CD/DVD/USB, with automatic hardware detection and configuration for many graphics and sound cards, SCSI devices, and peripherals. KNOPPIX first showed up on May 29, 2002. KNOPPIX 5.0 Live DVD was released for CeBIT 2006. KNOPPIX 6.0 featured the LXDE desktop and the ADRIANE audio desktop. KNOPPIX 6.7.1 with ADRIANE 1.4 was released September 17, 2011. KNOPPIX 7.0.5, the last in the 7.0 series, was released December 22, 2012. KNOPPIX 7.6.0 / ADRIANE 1.7 was released November 24, 2015. KNOPPIX 7.7.1 was released October 28, 2016. KNOPPIX 8.6.1 was released November 24, 2019.

  13. Linux Mint
    http://linuxmint.com/
    Linux Mint aims to produce an elegant, up to date and comfortable GNU/Linux desktop based on Ubuntu. It started out as a customized version of Ubuntu, but the project now develops many of its own tools and provides alternative desktops (MATE and Cinnamon). It is compatible with Ubuntu repositories. Linux Mint 5 "Elyssa" was released June 8, 2008 and was supported until April 25, 2011. The Mint project decided to track only Ubuntu LTS releases, starting with v17 "Qiana". Official releases come with MATE, Cinnamon, or Xfce editions.
    Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) follows Debian directly, not Ubuntu. Early releases were based on Debian testing, later tracking Debian stable. LMDE 201009 was released September 7, 2010. Debian 10 "buster"-based LMDE 4 "Debbie" was released March 20, 2020. Debian 11 "bullseye"-based LMDE 5 "Elsie" is in development.
    The Ubuntu 18.04-based Linux Mint 19.x series will be supported until 2023. The series includes 19 "Tara" (released June 29, 2018), 19.1 "Tessa" (released December 19, 2018), 19.2 "Tina" (released August 2, 2019), and 19.3 "Tricia" (released December 18, 2019). The Ubuntu 20.04-based Linux Mint 20.x series will be supported until 2025. The series includes 20 "Ulyana" (released June 27, 2020), 20.1 "Ulyssa" (released January 8, 2020), and 20.2 "Uma" (released July 8, 2021). 20.3 "Una" beta was released December 14, 2021.

  14. Mageia
    http://mageia.org/
    Mageia is a community fork of Mandriva created by a large group of former Mandriva employees, Cooker contributors and users' communities. The project was first announced September 18, 2010 with plans to set up a not-for-profit organization to be managed by a board of community members. Mageia released its first alpha February 15, 2011. Mageia 1 was released June 1, 2011. Mageia 7 was released July 1, 2019 and will reach eol June 30, 2021. Mageia 8 was released February 26, 2021.

  15. Oracle Linux
    http://www.oracle.com/us/technologies/linux/overview/
    Oracle's Unbreakable Linux campaign was launched in June 2002. It started as a support program for Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Oracle customers. It evolved into an enterprise distribution with source and binary compatibility with its upstream parent. The Oracle "Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel" was launched in September 2010. Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.11 was released September 25, 2014. Oracle Linux 6 was released February 11, 2011. Oracle Linux 6.10 was released June 26, 2018. Oracle Linux 7 was released July 23, 2014. Oracle Linux 7.9 was released October 7, 2020. Oracle Linux 8 was released July 18, 2019. Oracle Linux 8.4 was released May 26, 2021.

  16. Scientific Linux
    http://www.scientificlinux.org/
    Scientific Linux is sponsored by Fermilab. The project rebuilds Red Hat Enterprise Linux source and adds a handful of enhancements aimed at physics research. Other scientific laboratories and universities in the United States, Switzerland, and other countries were involved in this project. The first Scientific Linux release was 3.0.1, released May 10, 2004. Scientific Linux was discontinued as of April 22, 2019. Instead, Fermilab will collaborate with CERN and other labs to help make CentOS a better platform for high-energy physics computing. Fermilab will continue to support Scientific Linux 6 and 7 through the remainder of their respective lifecycles. Scientific Linux 6.x is now at End of Life. Scientific Linux 7.8 was released April 24, 2020.

  17. VzLinux
    https://vzlinux.org/
    VzLinux was created by Virtuozzo and used as a base system for OpenVz and commercial products. It is an RHEL/CentOS clone optimized for running in high density system container and virtual environments or as a bare-metal server.​ There is a conversion utility to go from CentOS 8 to VzLinux 8, or CentOS 7 directly to VzLinux 8.​ VzLinux 8, released May 26, 2021, was the first pulic release. VzLinux 8.4 was released July 1, 2021.

    Non-technical desktop

    These are designed to be user-friendly, easy to install distributions with plenty of desktop applications.

  18. AIMS Desktop
    https://desktop.aims.ac.za/
    AIMS Desktop is a Debian derivative offering a collection of software that allows you to do mathematics and science on your computer easily and efficiently. It is maintained by AIMS (The African Institute for Mathematical Sciences) in South Africa. The current version was 2017.1, based on Debian 9.0 "stretch", when this entry was added, June 13, 2017. The current release as of May 2020 was 2020.1-20191119, based on Debian 10.0 "buster".

  19. Calculate Linux
    http://www.calculate-linux.org/
    Calculate Linux is derived from Gentoo and still backward compatible with it. The project got its start in Russia, in the year 2000. There are several editions available. The Calculate Linux Desktop has several desktop environments including KDE, Cinnamon, LXQt, MATE, and Xfce. Other editions include Calculate Directory Server, Calculate Linux From Scratch, and Calculate Scratch Server. It appeared on this list with an unversioned release on May 29, 2007. Calculate Linux 20 was released December 27, 2019. After that the project switched to a rolling-release model where you install once and update often. Images for a variety of editions were released January 14, 2020. Calculate 20.6 was released June 21, 2020; updates are available weekly. Calulate 21 was released April 28, 2021. Calculate Linux 22 was released December 8, 2021.

  20. Chakra
    https://www.chakralinux.org/
    Chakra aims to be a fast, user-friendly and powerful Live CD and/or small distribution that utilizes KDE applications and the Plasma desktop. A special repository for well known GTK applications is available. Chakra was initially based on Arch Linux, but evolved into an independent effort. Chakra uses what they call a half-rolling release model where new stable versions of packages are updated as soon as possible, on top of a stable core. The distribution provides unique GUI tools and has a small but strong and diverse community. Chakra joined the list on September 30, 2009, with the third alpha release of the Chakra LiveCD. The Chakra Project split from its Arch roots with the development release of Phoix. Chakra 0.3.2 was released January 30, 2011. Chakra 2017.10 "Goedel" was released October 7, 2017. Chakra 2019.03 "Hawking" RC4 was released March 3, 2019. Development has slowed since then due to a lack of maintainers.

  21. elementary OS
    https://elementary.io
    elementary OS is designed to be a simple, easy-to-use distribution using the best of free/open source software, with only one application per task. The project aims to improve the applications that they use. elementary OS Jupiter was released April 1, 2011. elementary OS Juno 5.0 was released October 16, 2018. elementary OS 5.1.4 Hera was released May 1, 2020. elementary OS 6 Odin was released August 10, 2021. elementary OS 6.1 was released December 20, 2021.

  22. EndeavourOS
    https://endeavouros.com/
    EndeavourOS aims to be an easier way to install Arch Linux. It was created by the Antergos community after Antergos was discontinued in May 2019. EndeavourOS launched July 15, 2019. EndeavourOS Atlantis was released December 3, 2021.

  23. Endless OS
    https://endlessos.com/
    Endless is designed to be useful offline as well as online. It comes with many apps and tools that don't require an internet connection, including over 50,000 Wikipedia articles. It is based on Debian and features the GNOME desktop. The current version of Endless OS was 2.6.4 when this entry was added June 15, 2016. Endless OS 3.6.3 was released September 9, 2019. Endless OS 3.9.0 was released November 9, 2020. Endless OS 4.0.0 was released November 22, 2021.

  24. feren OS
    http://ferenos.weebly.com/
    Feren OS offers customisation, applications, and much more in one package. It uses a Linux Mint/Cinnamon base. feren OS 2017.0 was released May 1, 2017. feren OS announced a transition to a rolling-release model June 11, 2017. Snapshots are released every 3 months. Feren OS 2019.07 was released July 13, 2019. Feren OS 2019.12 was released December 25, 2019. Feren OS 2020.11 was released November 9, 2020. Feren OS 2021.10 was released October 3, 2021.

  25. GeckoLinux
    http://geckolinux.github.io/
    GeckoLinux is a Linux spin based on the openSUSE distribution, with a focus on polish and out-of-the-box usability on the desktop. Various editions have been released, including GNOME, Cinnamon, XFCE, Budgie, and BareBones (with the OpenBox window managaer). The inaugual releases were based on openSUSE Leap 42.1 and began with version number 421 followed by a date in yymmdd format. The first BareBones edition was numbered 421.151205.0. Version 421.160614.0 was released with several desktop editions. GeckoLinux Rolling 999.161031.0 became available November 3, 2016. GeckoLinux 150.180616 [static] and 999.180607 [rolling] were released in June 2018. GeckoLinux [static] 152.201210 was released December 11, 2020. GeckoLinux 999.210517 [rolling] was released May 17, 2021. GeckoLinux [STATIC] [NEXT] 153.210608 was released June 8, 2021.

  26. Hanthana Linux
    http://hanthana.org/
    Hanthana is a Fedora remix suitable for desktop and laptop users. It comes as a live CD and may be installed to a hard drive. It comes with additional software including multimedia players and codecs by default. The first release was dated Septmeber 19, 2009. Hanthana joined the list with the release of HL17, September 16, 2012. Hanthana 17 LiveCD with LXDE was released September 30, 2012. The 64bit edition was released October 13, 2012. Hanthana Linux 30 was the current version in May 2020.

  27. JULinux
    http://www.JustUseLinux.com/
    Just Use Linux or JULinux is an Ubuntu based distribution aimed at Windows and Mac users. JULinuXP has an interface similar to Windows 98, 2000, XP, and 7 while JULinOX OS is very similar to Mac OS X. Both versions feature the MATE desktop. JULinux joined the list May 29, 2013. JULinux 10 was released August 4, 2014. JULinux 18.04 was current in May 2020.

  28. Kannolo
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/kannolo/
    Kannolo is an installable graphical Fedora Remix without GTK+, based on the KDE Plasma Desktop workspace and the Calamares installer. Kannolo does not include software that requires GTK+ (e.g. Firefox, Anaconda, firewall-config, ABRT). It features KDE or Qt software (e. g. QupZilla, Calamares, UFW-KDE, DrKonqi) instead. SELinux is disabled by default because there is no Qt/KDE troubleshooting application for it. GTK+ and GTK+ applications are available from the upstream distribution’s online repositories, enabled by default. Kannolo 25 and Kannolo 24 were released December 23, 2016. Kannolo 27 and 26 were released Februay 4, 2018.

  29. Linux Lite
    https://www.linuxliteos.com/
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxlite
    Linux Lite is an Ubuntu based system that aims to be simple for anyone to use. Linux Lite's first release was v1.0.0, dated October 23, 2012. Linux Lite 1.0.8 Final was released January 16, 2014. Linux Lite 2.8 was released January 31, 2016. Linux Lite 3.0 was released May 31, 2016. Linux Lite 3.2 was released October 31, 2016. Linux Lite 3.8 was released January 31, 2018. Linux Lite 4.0 was released May 31, 2018. Linux Lite 4.8 was released January 13, 2020. Linux Lite 5.0 was released May 31, 2020. Linux Lite 5.2 was released October 31, 2020. Linux Lite 5.4 was released March 31, 2021. Linux Lite 5.6 was released August 31, 2021.

  30. Luninux OS
    http://luninuxos.com/
    Luninux OS is an Ubuntu based distribution designed and developed to be beautiful, simply, fast, and stable on most computer hardware. Luninux joined the list with the release of 12.0 LTS "Purple Possum", dated July 24, 2012. Luninux 12.10 was released December 10, 2012. Luninux OS 20.04 was released May 2, 2020.

  31. LXLE
    http://lxle.net/
    LXLE is based on Lubuntu which is an Ubuntu OS using the LXDE desktop enviroment. It is designed to be a drop-in and go OS, primarily for aging computers. Its intention is to be able to install it on any computer and be relatively done after install. LXLE follows the same LTS schedule as Ubuntu. In short, LXLE is an eclectic respin of Lubuntu with its own user support. LXLE 12.04.4 was released February 8, 2014. LXLE 14.04 was released June 13, 2014. LXLE 14.04.2 and 12.04.5 were released April 3, 2015. LXLE LS is aimed at small to micro businesses and includes software to help run a business. The first beta of LXLE LS was released July 7, 2015. LXLE 14.04.4 was released March 24, 2016. LXLE 16.04.3 Eclectica was released November 20, 2017. LXLE 18.04.3 was released September 8, 2019.

  32. Nitrux
    https://nxos.org/
    Nitrux focuses on portable universal app formats (focused on the AppImage format). It uses the Nomad Desktop, which is built on top of KDE Plasma 5 and Qt. Version 1.0 was based on Ubuntu 17.10 and released June 30, 2017. Nitrux 1.2.8, based on Ubuntu 20.04, was released April 26, 2020. Nitrux 1.3.9, released March 30, 2021, switched to a Debian base. It uses the Calamares installer. The Nomad Desktop was renamed NX Desktop (still with a KDE Plasma 5 base), and MauiKit Applications are included. Nitrux 1.5.1 was released August 2, 2021. Nitrux 1.6.0 was released September 1, 2021.

  33. PCLinuxOS
    http://www.pclinuxos.com/
    PCLinuxOS 2K4 started out as a live CD based on Mandriva. In the early days the project produced a KDE-centric desktop distribution, but it later branched out into other editions. PCLinuxOS 2K4 Preview 4 was the current version as of December 17, 2003, when it was added to this list. By 2016 PCLinuxOS had moved to a rolling-release model where packages are updated frequently. Community PCLinuxOS LXDE 64 2016.07 was released July 8, 2016. PCLinuxOS KDE64 2017 Desktop and PCLinuxOS MATE64 2017 Desktop were released in February 2017. PCLinuxOS KDE Plasma 5 2017.03 was released March 2, 2017. PCLinuxOS KDE Full Edition 2019.06 was released June 16, 2019. PCLinuxOS 2019.11 contains updated installation media for PCLinuxOS and a fully updated system as of November 12, 2019. PCLinuxOS 2020 KDE, MATE, and XFCE editions were released in March 2020. PCLinuxOS 2021.02 was released Februrary 7, 2021.

  34. Peach OSI
    http://www.peachosi.com/
    Peach OSI is an Xubuntu derivative that aims to be easy to use, flexible, lightweight, full of useful software and multi-functional. The first stable release of Peach OSI, based on Xubuntu 14.04.1, happened in June 2014. Peach OSI "Netbook" was released December 18, 2014. PeachOSI's Patriot OS 18-19.04 was current as of May 2020.

  35. Peppermint
    http://peppermintos.com/
    Peppermint is a cloud/web application-centric distribution. It aims to be sleek, user friendly and fast. Peppermint was designed for enhanced mobility, efficiency and ease of use. It's based on Lubuntu and uses some of Linux Mint's configuration files. A first private beta was released April 14, 2010. Peppermint OS One was released May 10, 2010. Peppermint 6 Respin with UEFI Support was released September 6, 2015. Peppermint 7 was released June 24, 2016. Peppermint 7 Respin was released November 29, 2016. Peppermint 8 was released May 28, 2017. Peppermint 8 Respin-2 (Peppermint-8-20180203) was released February 5, 2018. Peppermint 9 was released June 22, 2018. Peppermint 9 Respin-2 was released January 2, 2019. Peppermint 10 was released May 17, 2019. Peppermint 10-20191210 Respin was released December 18, 2019.

  36. PinguyOS
    http://pinguyos.com/
    PinguyOS is a Ubuntu based distribution that strives to be even easier to use, with applications chosen and pre-installed with that goal in mind. PinguyOS 11.04 was released May 14, 2011, with a classic GNOME 2.32.1 desktop. Ping-Eee OS 11.04 was released July 8, 2011. Pinguy 10.04.3 LTS was released August 4, 2011. Pinguy OS 12.04 LTS was released June 17, 2012. Pinguy OS 13.10 was released December 6, 2013. Pinguy OS 14.04.3 was released September 9, 2015. Pinguy OS 18.04.2 was released March 30, 2019.

  37. Robolinux
    http://robolinux.org/
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/robolinux/
    Robolinux aims to be easy to use, fast, and secure. Based on Debian stable, this distribution allows Windows applications to run in a VM. Robolinux 7.8.1 was released January 22, 2015 in Gnome, lxde, and xfce editions. Robolinux 7.8.1 KDE was released February 12, 2015. Robolinux 7.9.2 LTS (supported until 2018) was released June 19, 2015. Robolinux Xfce Raptor 8.1 LTS 2020 was released September 3, 2015. Robolinux Raptor 8.4 was released March 18, 2016. Robolinux Raptor 8.4 Cinnamon, Mate, Xfce & LXDE were released March 18, 2016. Robolinux 8.5 was released June 17, 2016. Robolinux 9.2 was released May 3, 2018. Robolinux 10.10 was released April 17, 2020. Robolinux 11.02 was released June 17, 2020. The Robolinux 12.x White Hat series will be supported until 2025. Robolinux 12.03 was released March 3, 2021.

  38. Simplicity Linux
    http://simplicitylinux.org/
    Simplicity Linux is based on Puppy Linux. It comes in different versions, from bare bones to fully featured. The Netbook or mini edition is light-weight and meant for using cloud based applications. The Desktop edition is fully-featured. Simplicity 13.10 was released October 17, 2013. Simplicity 20.1, released February 4, 2020, is based on Buster Dog (a Debian/Puppy hybrid). Simplicity Linux 20.4 was released May 1, 2020. Simplicity Linux 20.7 Alpha was released May 26, 2020.

  39. Swift Linux
    http://www.swiftlinux.org/
    Swift Linux aims to be a lightweight, user-friendly distribution that is fully compatible with Debian software repositories. Swift was originally based on AntiX (a lightweight Mepis derivative); more recent versions are based on MX Linux. Swift Linux 0.1.2, released August 21, 2011, came in Diet Swift, Regular Swift, Taylor Swift, Minnesota Swift, and Chicago Swift editions. For the 0.2.0 release (April 24, 2012) the base switched to Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) and the Silicon Valley Swift edition was added. Swift Linux 19.1-HannahMontana was released May 4, 2020.

  40. Trisquel GNU/Linux
    http://trisquel.info/en/
    Trisquel GNU/Linux aims to be a fully free-as-in-speech system that is easy to use, complete, and with good language support. The project was born in 2004 with the sponsorship of the University of Vigo in Galicia Spain. The first version was officially presented in April 2005. The project hosts its own repositories which are derivatives of Ubuntu's main and universe components, but with all proprietary software removed. The differences include the removal of all non-free packages, the substitution of the original Linux kernel with the blob-free version linux-libre, and the addition of several packages. Trisquel joined the list with the release of version 3.0 STS "Dwyn", September 8, 2009. Trisquel 8.0 LTS "Flidas" was released April 18, 2018 and will be supported until April 2021. Trisquel 9.0 "Etiona" was released October 16, 2020. Trisquel 9.0.1 was released October 27, 2021.

  41. Ultimate Edition
    http://ultimateedition.info/
    Ultimate Edition is an Ubuntu based distribution. It joined the list at version 2.0 (released November 11, 2008), based on the Intrepid Ibex daily build. That version came in a 32 bit, 64 Bit & and a Gamers edition (x86 based). There are plenty of themes, wallpapers, icon sets, gdm login screens, and Usplashes. Ultimate Edition 3.6 was released October 24, 2013. The OZ Unity project creates an Ultimate Edition OS aimed at creating a system for new users. OZ Unity aimes to be easy to install, inviting and intuitive to use, and enhanced with applications that the majority of users would require on a day by day basis. Users are invited to post their application list to the OZ Unity forum. Ultimate Edition 3.9 was released April 8, 2014. Ultimate Edition 4.3 was released December 7, 2014. Ultimate Edition 4.6 Gamers was released September 4, 2015. Released December 19, 2015: 4.2.3 Lite, 4.2 armhf, 4.2 armhf lite, and 4.9-x64. Ultimate Edition 5.0 LTS was released June 20, 2016. Ultimate Edition 5.0 Gamers was released January 7, 2017. Ultimate Edition 5.8, released June 30, 2018, is based on Ubuntu 18.04 and is a long term support (LTS) release.

  42. Uruk GNU/Linux
    https://urukproject.org/dist/
    Uruk GNU/Linux aims to be lightweight, user-friendly and powerful. It is currently based on the Trisquel GNU/Linux core, with the Linux-libre kernel. It comes ready for home and office use, and programs are easy to find and install. Uruk 1.0 was the current version when this entry was added to the list, July 6, 2016. Uruk 2.0 was released December 5, 2017.

    General Purpose

    These distributions should be suitable for desktop and server applications. Most should have current versions available.

  43. Absolute Linux
    https://www.absolutelinux.org/
    Absolute is a customized Slackware distribution, assembled to make installation and maintenance of Slackware easier. It's built for speed, stability, security, ease of use and development. It is lightweight and should run on older hardware. Absolute joined the list with the release of v12.0, July 16, 2007. Absolute 14.2 (based on Slackware 14.2) was released September 18, 2016. Absolute64-20200616, based on Slackware-current, was released June 16, 2020. Absolute64-20210302 was released March 2, 2021.

  44. AlmaLinux
    https://almalinux.org/
    AlmaLinux is a fully free fork of RHEL created by CloudLinux as a replacement for CentOS. AlmaLinux beta was released February 10, 2021. The first stable release (based on RHEL 8) was announced March 30, 2021, along with the news that the AlmaLinux Open Source Foundation had been created to oversee the development. AlmaLinux 8.4 was released May 26, 2021. AlmaLinux OS 8.5 was released November 12, 2021.

  45. ALT Linux
    http://www.altlinux.org/
    ALT Linux started out as a Russian localization of Mandrake Linux. The last such release was Linux-Mandrake Russian Edition Spring 2001. After that ALT forked into a unique distribution. It is well-known in Russia. Designed to be a universal distribution, ALT is suitable for servers, user workstations, software development, etc. The heart of ALT Linux is the unstable, development branch Sisyphus. ALT Linux Master 2.2 was released March 7, 2003. ALT Server, Workstation, Education 9.0 was released October 28, 2019. ALT 9.1 was released July 29, 2020. Simply Linux 9.1 was released May 26, 2021. ALT 10.0 Beta was released December 16, 2021.

  46. AntiX
    https://antixlinux.com/
    AntiX started out as an Ultra-Lite, community developed MEPIS Derivative. The antiX-12 release was based directly on Debian testing, compatible with Debian testing repositories. Older, less powerful hardware should be well supported. It includes support for multiple languages including Brazilian-Portuguese, Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Greek, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Russian, and Turkish. AntiX 6.5 was released July 9, 2007. antiX-M11 'Jayaben Desai' was released May 3, 2011. antiX 15 was released June 30, 2015. antiX-16.1 (Berta Cáceres) (based on Debian 8.5 "jessie", but systemd-free) was released January 17, 2017. antiX 16.2 was released June 16, 2017. antiX 17.4 was released March 6, 2019. antiX 19.4 (based on Debian Buster and systemd-free) was released May 21, 2021. antiX-21, based on Debian Bullseye, was released October 31, 2021.

  47. ArchBang
    http://archbang.org/
    ArchBang is a simple GNU/Linux distribution which provides you with a lightweight Arch Linux system combined with the Openbox Window Manager. It's suitable for both desktop and portable systems. ArchBang is a rolling release with regularly updated isos. ArchBang appeared on this list with the 2011.02 release, dated February 4, 2011. ArchBang rolls along with frequent updates. An updated iso was released May 16, 2020. The November 2020 release uses the i3 tiling window manager. Check the site for something newer.

  48. ArchLabs Linux
    https://archlabslinux.com/
    ArchLabs is based on Arch Linux, influenced and inspired by the look and feel of BunsenLabs. It is not a clone of BunsenLabs, but does follow Arch closely and rolls along with regular updates. ArchLabs joined the list with the release of v2017.12 on December 23, 2017. ArchLabs 2018.12 was released December 17, 2018. ArchLabs 2020.05.04 was released May 4, 2020.

  49. Artix
    https://artixlinux.org/
    The Arch-OpenRC and Manjaro-OpenRC projects joined forces to create Artix, an Arch-based distribution that uses the OpenRC init system. It uses a rolling release model with no version numbers. Artix was first announced July 27, 2017. There are three editions: a minimal Base edition, an edition featuring the i3 window manager, and an edition running the LXQt desktop. An XFCE iso was released May 20, 2020.

  50. Bodhi
    http://bodhilinux.com/
    Bodhi is an Ubuntu-based distribution that uses the Enlightenment window manager and libraries. Bodhi only pre-installs a few packages so you can add what you want and not have your system cluttered with unwanted applications. Bodhi 1.0.0 was released March 25, 2011. Bodhi 1.4.0 was released March 22, 2012. Bodhi Linux 2.4.0 was released September 12, 2013. Bodhi 3.1.0, released August 11, 2015, features the Moksha Desktop (a fork of E17). Bodhi Linux 3.2.0 was released March 30, 2016. Bodhi 4.4.0 was released December 8, 2017. Bodhi 5.1.0 was released March 25, 2020. Bodhi Linux 6.0.0 was released May 12, 2021.

  51. BunsenLabs Linux
    https://www.bunsenlabs.org/
    BunsenLabs Linux is a distribution offering a light-weight and easily customizable Openbox desktop. The project is a community continuation of CrunchBang Linux. The current release was Debian jessie-based Hydrogen when this entry was added to the list, June 13, 2016. A BunsenLabs "Deuterium" point release was made available January 30, 2017. BunsenLabs Helium was released April 30, 2018. An early preview of Debian 10 based BunsenLabs Lithium was released December 10, 2019. BunsenLabs Lithium was released August 3, 2020. Updated ISO images for Lithium were released February 2, 2021. BunsenLabs Beryllium, based on Debian testing (Bullseye), is in development.

  52. CrunchBang++
    https://crunchbangplusplus.org/
    CrunchBang (#!) Linux was a Debian based distribution featuring the lightweight Openbox window manager and GTK+ applications. #! joined the list at version 8.10.02, released January 18, 2009. CrunchBang 11 "Waldorf" (stable) was released May 6, 2013. CrunchBang was officially retired on February 6, 2015. But #! is succeeded by #!++. Debian Jessie based #!++ 1.0 was released April 29, 2015. Debian 10 Buster based #!++ was released in July 2019.

  53. CRUX
    http://www.crux.nu/
    CRUX is a lightweight, i686-optimized Linux distribution targeted at experienced Linux users. The primary focus of this distribution is "keep it simple", which is reflected in a simple tar.gz-based package system, BSD-style initscripts, and a relatively small collection of trimmed packages. The secondary focus is utilization of new Linux features and recent tools and libraries. Version 1.1 was released March 24, 2003. CRUX 1.3.1 for PowerPC was released February 25, 2004. CRUX 2.8 was released October 24, 2012. CRUX 3.5 was released June 11, 2019. CRUX 3.6 was released December 8, 2020.

  54. Cucumber Linux
    http://www.cucumberlinux.com/
    Cucumber Linux is an independent distribution that aims to provide a minimalistic system that follows the Unix Philosophy. Cucumber Linux favors simplicity and modularity of design over simplicity of use. It does not use systemd. Cucumber Linux 1.0 was released July 10, 2017. Cucumber Linux 1.1 was released April 4, 2018. Cucumber Linux 2.0 Alpha 1 was released November 13, 2018.

  55. Devuan GNU+Linux OS
    https://devuan.org
    Devuan is a Debian fork that seeks to eliminate the use of systemd. The project was started in 2014. The first beta release was dated April 29, 2016. Devuan Jessie 1.0.0 was released May 25, 2017. Devuan 2.1 ASCII was released November 21, 2019. Devuan 3.0 Beowolf was released June 2, 2020. Devuan 3.1.0 was released February 14, 2021. Devuan 4.0 Chimaera, based on Debian 11 bullseye, was released October 14, 2021.

  56. EuroLinux
    https://en.euro-linux.com/eurolinux/
    EuroLinux is an RHEL clone from the EuroLinux company, which also supplies support. EuroLinux 8.3, released June 24, 2021, is available both as a paid subscription and for free in the Open Core model. EuroLinux 8.5 was released November 26, 2021.

  57. Funtoo
    http://www.funtoo.org/
    Funtoo Linux was launched in 2009 by Daniel Robbins, who previously founded the Gentoo project. The Funtoo project aims to create a supportive environment for people to learn about free software. Like Gentoo, Funtoo is a meta-distribution that builds packages automatically from source code. Funtoo 1.3 was released January 7, 2019. Funtoo 1.4 was released September 11, 2019.

  58. KaOS
    http://kaosx.us/
    The idea behind KaOS is to create a tightly integrated rolling and transparent distribution for the modern desktop, built from scratch with a specific focus; one DE (KDE), one toolkit (Qt), one architecture (x86_64), etc. All work is geared toward packaging, not developing new tools or applications. The first KaOS release was in April 2013. KaOS 2021.08 was released August 18, 2021. KaOS 2021.10 was released October 14, 2021.

  59. KISS
    https://k1ss.org/
    https://github.com/kisslinux/
    KISS is an independent distribution with a focus on simplicity and the concept of "less is more". Some prior knowledge of Linux (or other UNIXY systems) is required for this source based OS. KISS 1.0 was released September 2, 2019. KISS 2.1.8 was released June 7, 2020.

  60. Kwort Linux
    http://kwort.org/
    Kwort is a modern and fast Linux distribution that combines powerful and useful applications in order to create a simple system for advanced users who finds a strong and effective desktop. Kwort is based on CRUX, so it's robust, clean and easy to extend. Kwort joined the list with the release of v3.5-rc1, dated November 9, 2012. Kwort 3.5 was released November 19, 2012. Kwort 4.3.4 was released June 16, 2019. Kwort 4.3.5 was released December 20, 2020.

  61. libreCMC
    http://librecmc.org/
    libreCMC (Concurrent Machine Cluster) is an embedded GNU/Linux-libre distribution with out non-free software or binary blobs. The project's goal is to provide an embedded distribution that respects user freedoms and allows users to control what their hardware does. This entry was added September 10, 2014, when the FSF added libreCMC to their list of free/libre distributions. libreCMC 1.5.1 was released April 23, 2020.

  62. Freespire
    https://www.freespire.net/
    Linspire
    https://www.linspirelinux.com/
    Freespire and Linspire are developed by PC/OpenSystems. Freespire is all free/open source software while Linspire contains proprietary applications and support options. The company also sells hardware with Linspire pre-installed. Freespire 3.0 and Linspire 7.0 were released January 1, 2018. Freespire 5.0 was released October 15, 2019. Freespire 7.0 was released October 30, 2020. Linspire 10 is based on Ubuntu 20.04, public beta 1 was released December 21, 2020. Freespire 7.7 was released July 30, 2021. Freespire 8.0 was released December 5, 2021.

  63. Lunar-Linux
    http://www.lunar-linux.org/
    https://github.com/lunar-linux
    Lunar-Linux began as a fork of Sorcerer GNU/Linux. Lunar-Penguin, the development group behind Lunar-Linux, say they plan for this fork to stay close to the bleeding edge. This is a source-based Linux distribution with a unique package management system that builds each software package or module for the machine it is being installed on. Although a complete installation can take some time, it tends to be quite fast once installed. The initial ISO image lunar-20020321.iso.bz2 was released March 21, 2002. Lunar-1.5.0 "Indium Phosphide" was released May 23, 2005. Lunar 1.6.1 installer iso "Moose Drool" was released for i686 and x86_64, February 18, 2007. Lunar Linux 1.6.4 was released for i686 and x86-64, December 27, 2008. Lunar Linux 1.6.5 was released August 22, 2010. Lunar Linux 1.7.0 "Sinus Successus" was released October 11, 2014. While there have been no versioned releases since, packages in Lunar Linx are updated pretty much every day. [True in 2021]

  64. Manjaro Linux
    http://manjaro.org/
    Manjaro Linux is based on well-tested snapshots of the Arch Linux repositories and is 100% compatible with Arch. The Manjaro repository is managed with its homemade tool called BoxIt, which is designed like git. Manjaro joined the list with the release of v0.8.2, dated November 10, 2012. Manjaro 18.1.0 was released September 12, 2019. Manjaro 19.0 was released February 25, 2020. Manjaro 20.2 Nibia was released December 3, 2020. Manjaro 21.0 Ornara was released March 24, 2021. Manjaro 21.1.0 Pahvo was release August 17, 2021. Manjaro 21.2 was released December 22, 2021.

  65. Maui
    https://mauilinux.org/
    Maui is an Arch Linux based distribution that features the Hawaii desktop and uses Wayland and systemd under the hood. Hawaii 0.2.0 was released December 24, 2013. Netrunner/KDE Neon-based Maui 1.0 "Aurora" was released August 14, 2016. Maui 2 "Blue Tang" was released October 28, 2016. Maui 2.1 was released November 26, 2016. Maui 17.03 "Cuba Libre" was released March 4, 2017.

  66. MX Linux
    https://mxlinux.org/
    MX Linux is a cooperative venture between the antiX and former MEPIS communities, using the best tools and talents from each. It is a midweight OS designed to combine an elegant and efficient desktop with simple configuration, high stability, solid performance and medium-sized footprint. MX-15 was released December 24, 2015. MX-16.1 (Metamorphosis) was released June 8, 2017. MX-17.1 was released March 14, 2018. MX-18.3 Continuum was released May 26, 2019. MX-19.2 (with updates from Debian 10.4 "buster") was released June 1, 2020. MX-19.2 KDE was released August 16, 2020. MX-19.3 was released November 11, 2020. MX-19.4 was released April 1, 2021. MX-21, based on Debian 11 "bullseye", was released October 21, 2021.

  67. NethServer
    http://www.nethserver.org/
    NethServer is CentOS-based distribution aimed at small offices and medium enterprises. NethServer joined the list with the release of v6.6 Beta1, dated January 28, 2015. NethServer 6.6 was released March 25, 2015. NethServer 6.7 was released October 19, 2015. NethServer 6.9 was released May 2, 2017. NethServer 7 was released February 8, 2017. NethServer 7.9 was released December 1, 2020.

  68. Netrunner
    https://www.netrunner.com
    Netrunner is sponsored by Blue-Systems.com. Its core is Ubuntu with an optimized KDE front-end, with a focus on freedom and useability, while not separating KDE and Gnome, but building functional bridges between them. Netrunner 3.2 was released June 30, 2011. Netrunner Desktop 17.06 was released July 1, 2017. Netrunner Rolling 2019.04 was released April 20, 2019. Netrunner 19.08 Indigo was released August 20, 2019. As of October 13, 2019, there will be no more updated installation media for Manjaro-based Netrunner Rolling. Efforts will instead be directed upstream to Manjaro. Netrunner Debian, Core and ARM versions are unaffected. Netrunner 20.01, based on Debian 10.3 buster, was released February 23, 2020. Netrunner 21.01 "XOXO" was released February 20, 2021.

  69. Obarun
    https://web.obarun.org/
    The goal of Obarun is to provide an alternative for people looking for more simplicity and transparency in maintaining their systems. It is described as a Build Concept rather than a traditional distribution. The user builds the OS from source. Obarun is not designed with beginners in mind. It is based on Arch Linux, but it uses S6 as a systemd replacement. It includes a collection of system tools, called 66, built around s6 and s6-rc to make the implementation and manipulation of service files on your machine easier. 66 v 0.2 was released August 14, 2019. 66 v 0.3.0.3 was released May 3, 2020. 66 v 0.5.0.1-1 was released September 13, 2020.

  70. OpenMandriva
    http://openmandriva.org/
    OpenMandriva is a community fork of the now defunct Mandriva. During 2012 the OpenMandriva Association was formed separating the community from Mandriva SA. Mandriva/Moondrake 2012 alpha 2 was released November 6, 2012. The OpenMandriva Association later decided the community distribution would be called OpenMandriva. ROSA-based OpenMandriva 2013.0 Alpha was released June 18, 2013. OpenMandriva Lx 2013.0 was released November 22, 2013. OpenMandriva Lx 2014.1 was released September 26, 2014. OpenMandriva 2014.2 (Scion) was released June 29, 2015. OpenMandriva Lx 3.03 was released November 21, 2017. OpenMandriva Lx 4.0 was released June 16, 2019. OpenMandriva Lx 4.1 was released February 1, 2020. OpenMandriva Lx 4.1 2020.05 was released May 31, 2020. OpenMandriva Lx 4.2 was released February 12, 2021. OpenMandriva Lx 4.3 RC was released May 23, 2021.

  71. paldo
    http://www.paldo.org/
    paldo stands for "pure adaptable linux distribution". It is a Upkg driven GNU/Linux distribution and it's a mix of a source and a binary distribution. Even though it builds packages like a source distribution it provides binary packages. paldo joined the list at v1.12, released November 5, 2007. paldo 1.22 was released May 21, 2010. A live CD (hybrid ISO) was released January 10, 2014. This is a rolling release with continuous updates. A stable live image was released June 4, 2019 and an unstable image was released June 16, 2019. A stable image was released May 15, 2020. An unstable image was released May 10, 2020.

  72. Parabola GNU/Linux-libre
    https://parabola.nu/
    Parabola aims to provide a fully free as in freedom Archlinux. It's is compatible with Archlinux repositories and maintains its own "libre" repository with replacement packages such as the Linux-libre kernel. Parabola was added to the list February 7, 2012. Parabola is a rolling release with no version numbers. Still rolling in 2020.

  73. Pop!_OS
    https://system76.com/pop
    Pop!_OS is developed by System76 for use in the computers that the company makes. It can also be downloaded and installed elsewhere. It aims to be an OS for the software developer, maker, and computer science professional who uses their computer as a tool to discover and create. The initial October 27, 2017 release of Pop!_OS was based on Ubuntu 17.10. Pop!_OS 18.04 LTS was released May 1, 2018. Pop!_OS 20.04 LTS was released April 30, 2020. Pop!_OS 20.10 was released October 23, 2020. Pop!_OS 21.04, released June 29, 2021, introduced the COSMIC desktop. Pop!_OS 21.10 was released December 14, 2021.

  74. Project Trident
    https://project-trident.org/
    https://github.com/project-trident
    Project Trident is a desktop-focused operating system based on Void Linux. It uses the Lumina desktop as well as a number of self-developed utilities to provide an easy-to-use system for system administrators. Project Trident began in 2018 when TrueOS (a FreeBSD based distribution) scaled down into a server. Project Trident was a desktop-focused distribution based on TrueOS. In 2019 the project began transitioning the base to use Void Linux, and the first Void-based release was in February 2020. Project Trident 20.09 was released September 1, 2020. Project Trident announced an end-of-life date of March 1, 2022. The project's package repository and websites will remain up and running until then, but users should look for an alternative.

  75. PsychOS
    https://psychoslinux.gitlab.io/
    PsychOS is a systemd-free GNU/Linux operating system that runs on 32-bit computers. It is tailored towards retrophiles of all ages; packed with software and scripts for an easier, out-of-the-box user experience. PsychOS 3.4.6 Insanity, based on Devuan ASCII, was the current version in June 2020.

  76. Q4OS
    http://q4os.org
    Q4OS aims to be fast and powerful, with a focus on security, reliability and conservative integration of verified new features. It features the KDE plasma desktop, with the Trinity desktop (a fork of KDE 3.5) and other desktops available. It should work well on older hardware. Q4OS joined the list with the release of Q4OS 0.5.18, September 8, 2014. Q4OS 1.2.8 was released August 22, 2015. Debian 9.5 'Stretch'-based Q4OS 2.7 was released December 31, 2018. Q4OS 3.8 Centaurus is based on Debian 10 'buster' and will be supported for 5 years; released July 15, 2019. Q4OS 3.15 Centaurus was released June 29, 2021. Development on Q4OS 4.0 Gemini (following Debian testing 'bullseye') kicked off February 16, 2020. Q4OS 4.6 was released September 27, 2021. Q4OS 4.7 was released November 22, 2021.

  77. Refracta
    http://www.ibiblio.org/refracta/
    Refracta is designed for home computer users. It provides a simple and familiar layout that most users will find very comfortable. This Devuan derivative includes special tools - refractainstaller, refractasnapshot and refracta2usb - that allow you to customize your installation and create a live-CD or live-USB of your running system. These tools will work on most Debian/Devuan-based systems. Refracta (beta images based on Devuan Jessie) were available when this entry was added, August 2, 2016. Refracta-9.0, based on Devuan-2.0 (ASCII), was released February 8, 2019.

  78. Rocky Linux
    https://rockylinux.org/
    Rocky Linux is a community enterprise operating system designed to be 100% bug-for-bug compatible with RHEL. It was founded after CentOS shifted direction. It is under intensive development by the community. Rocky Linux is led by Gregory Kurtzer, founder of the CentOS project. Rocky Linux 8.3 RC1 was released April 30, 2021. Rocky Linux 8.4 was released June 21, 2021. Rocky Linux 8.5 was released November 15, 2021.

  79. Sabayon
    http://www.sabayonlinux.org/
    Sabayon is a beginner-friendly Gentoo-based distribution that aims to deliver the best "out of the box" user experience by providing the latest open source technologies. Building on a distribution known as RR4 (32-bit) and RR64 (64-bit) Linux, Sabayon released version 3.3 March 25, 2007. The project moved to a rolling release model and snapshot 16.11 was released October 28, 2016. Sabayon 19.03 was released March 31, 2019.

  80. SharkLinux
    http://sharklinuxos.org/
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/sharklinux/
    SharkLinux specializes in virtualization and features a custom MATE/XFCE desktop capable of running on a cloud server with little impact on performance. The OS runs KVM as the primary hypervisor and provides a wide range of tools to build and run VM's and containers. Some limited native support exists for DEB and RPM based Linux platforms, NixOS, osX and Windows applications. The distribution was created by a single person using only an Android smartphone. SharkLinux is under heavy development with fresh ISOs built weekly. SharkLinux was added to the list April 4, 2017. This entry was updated August 31, 2018. SharkLinux Build 4.15.0-73 was released December 10, 2019.

  81. Siduction
    http://siduction.org
    Siduction is a fork of aptosid and is also based on Debian's unstable branch aka sid. Siduction 2011.1 - One Step Beyond - was released December 30, 2011. siduction 2018.3.0 was released May 2018. After a hiatus of nearly 3 years, siduction 2021.1 was released February 12, 2021. siduction 2021.2.0 was released July 28, 2021. siduction 2021.3.0 was released December 24, 2021.

  82. SME Server
    http://contribs.org/
    Once known as e-smith, this server and gateway distribution has gone through several owners, including Mitel Networks (where it became SME server), Lycoris and Resource Strategies, Inc. Mitel released version 5.5 of the SME Server on July 3, 2002. In March 2005 Ruffdogs took possession of Contribs.org and developed a roadmap for the rebuilding of the Contribs.org community. SME Server 7.0 was released July 1, 2006. SME Server then switched to a CentOS base and gained support from the Koozali Foundation. SME Server 8.1 was released February 28, 2014. Koozali SME Server 8.2 was released November 4, 2015. Koozali SME Server 9.2 was released May 2, 2017. Koozali SME Server 10.0, based on CentOS 7.x, was released June 9, 2021.

  83. Solus Project
    https://getsol.us/home/
    The Solus Project was known as Evolve OS, which was derived from a defunct distribution call SolusOS. Evole OS used the code base from the old Solus distribution, so the Solus Project is an evolving continuation of the old SolusOS distribution. The project changed the name in April 2015. It is built from scratch and uses its own Budgie Desktop and eopkg. Budgie is tightly integrated with the GNOME stack, while eopkg is a fork of the PiSi package manager. The first beta version was released January 26, 2015. Evolve OS Beta 1.1 was released March 16, 2015. Solus 1.0 "Shannon" was released December 27, 2015. In July 2016 the project moved to a rolling release model, with occasional snapshots. Solus 4.1 Fortitude was released January 25, 2020. Solus 4.2 was released February 3, 2021. Solus 4.3 was released July 11, 2021.

  84. SolydXK
    http://solydxk.com/
    SolydXK, a Debian derived distribution, creates two variants. SolydX features the Xfce desktop, while SolydK features KDE. SolydX strives to be as light-weight as possible. SolydK is more fully-featured. Both are available in a home edition. There is also a business editon of SolydK. SolydXK 201404 was released May 2, 2014. SolydXK 201801 was released January 16, 2018. SolydXK 9 was released July 16, 2017. SolydXK 201807 was released July 2, 2018. SolydXK 201902 was released March 3, 2019. SolydXK 10, based on Debian 10 buster, was released September 26, 2019. SolydXK 10.4 was released July 5, 2020.

  85. Source Mage GNU/Linux
    http://www.sourcemage.org/
    Source Mage GNU/Linux is a source-based GNU/Linux distribution based on a Sorcery metaphor of "casting" and "dispelling" programs, which are referred to as "spells". Sorcery 0.1.3 was released into cvs on March 26, 2002. Source Mage 0.9.6 for PPC and x86 was released March 13, 2006. Source Mage ISO bugfix release 0.10.0-test5-1 was announced January 5, 2009. Stable Sorcery 1.14.3 was released May 26, 2009. Source Mage Cauldron (installer) 0.10.0 was released June 5, 2009. Sorcery 1.15.0 was released September 22, 2011. Stable grimoire v0.62-11 was released October 21, 2017.

  86. SparkyLinux
    https://sparkylinux.org/
    SparkyLinux is aims to be lightweight, fast, and customizable. Several desktop environments and window managers are supported. Sparky joined the list with the 2.1 "Eris" release, dated March 19, 2013. Debian 9 based SparkyLinux 4.13 "Tyche" was released October 5, 2020. Debian 10 "Buster" is the base for SparkyLinux 5.x "Nibiru". Sparky 5.15 was released May 3, 2021. Sparky 6.x "Po Tolo" is based on Debian 11 "Bullseye". Sparky 6.0 "Po Tolo" was released August 19, 2021. Sparky 6.1 "Po Tolo" was released November 11, 2021. Sparky 7 "Orion Belt" follows Debian testing "Bookworm". Orion Belt 2021.10 was released October 13, 2021. Sparky 6.1 RC1 ARMHF was released October 27, 2021. Sparky 2021.12 Special Editions were released December 26, 2021.

  87. Univention Corporate Server
    http://www.univention.de/en/products/ucs/
    Univention Corporate Server (UCS) is a preconfigured Enterprise Linux operating system with an integrated identity and management system. UCS-certified third party solutions are numerous. This entry was added July 12, 2006. UCS 3.0 was released December 12, 2011. An Ubuntu-based desktop product, Univention Corporate Client (UCC), was initially released October 31, 2012. UCS 3.2.4 was released November 12, 2014. UCC 2.0 was released June 11, 2014. UCS 4.0 was released November 20, 2014. UCS 4.2-3 was released November 30, 2017. Debian 9 "stretch" based UCS 4.3-3 was released December 11, 2018. UCS 4.4-8 was released April 20, 2021. UCS 5.x is based on Debian 10 "buster". UCS 5.0 was released May 26, 2021. UCS 5.0-1 was released December 15, 2021.

  88. Void
    http://www.voidlinux.org/
    Void is a volunteer project creating a distribution built from scratch. It follows a rolling release model, install once and update daily from a continuous build system. Its package system allows you to quickly install, update and remove software, which is provided in binary packages or can be built directly from sources with the help of the XBPS source packages collection. Void joined the list March 9, 2015. New images were released January 19, 2020.

  89. Zentyal
    http://www.zentyal.com/
    Zentyal (formerly eBox Platform) is a Network Gateway, Unified Threat Manager, Office Server, Infrastructure Manager, Unified Communications Server or a combination of them. Version 2.0 (released September 1, 2010) was based on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. Zentyal Server 5.1 (based on Ubuntu 16.04.4) was released March 22, 2018. Zentyal Server 6.2 (based on Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS) was released May 8, 2020. Zentyal Server Development Edition 7.0 (based on Ubuntu 20.04) was released January 26, 2021.

  90. Zorin OS
    http://www.zorinos.com/
    Zorin OS is a multi-functional operating system designed specifically for Windows users who want to have easy and smooth access to Linux. It is based on Ubuntu and targeted towards small to medium businesses. Zorin OS 5 Business was released July 5, 2011. Zorin OS 5 Lite, Educational Lite and Educational were released during July and August 2011. Zorin OS 12.4 was released August 13, 2018. Zorin OS 15 was released June 5, 2019. Zorin OS 15 Education was released September 25, 2019. Zorin OS 15 Lite was released November 20, 2019. Zorin OS 15.3 was released September 8, 2020. Zorin OS 16 was released August 17, 2021.

    Education

    This is mix of distributions used by educational institutions, and distributions that are designed to be educational to install and use.

  91. Beyond Linux From Scratch (BLFS)
    http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/
    Beyond Linux From Scratch (BLFS) is a project with the aim of assisting LFS users to go beyond the base system. It contains a broad range of instrutions for installing and configuring various packages on top of a base LFS system. If you are wondering why you would want an LFS system or what one is, see the entry for LinuxFromScratch below in this list. BLFS 1.0 was released April 28, 2003 under the original BSD License. A systemd version is available in addition to the original SysV init version. An initial beta of Basic Packages for Linux From Scratch was released September 21, 2018. The Basic Packages book provides suggested applications that are useful for all LFS users. BLFS 10.0 was released September 1, 2020. BLFS 10.1 was released March 1, 2021.

  92. Debian-Jr.
    http://wiki.debian.org/DebianJr
    Debian Jr is a Debian Pure Blend that aims to help children and those who care for them to get the most use and enjoyment out of their Debian systems; to help them acquire some of the skills and experiences we have as adults; and to convey to them our values: our love of freedom, our appreciation for software that works well, and our strong sense of community.

  93. Karoshi
    http://www.linuxschools.com
    Karoshi is a server operating system designed for schools. Karoshi provides a simple graphical interface that allows easy installation, setup and maintenance of your network. Karoshi 5.1.3 was based on PCLinuxOS and released June 11, 2007. Karoshi 6.0 was released June 18, 2009. Karoshi 7.0 was released August 2, 2010. Karoshi 10.1.2 was released March 29, 2015. Karoshi Server 13.0.0 was released June 3, 2020.

  94. Li-f-e: Linux for Education
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/cyberorg-home/
    Li-f-e (Linux for Education) includes software for students, educators and parents. Originally based on openSUSE, Li-f-e switched to an Ubuntu MATE LTS base in 2016. See openSUSE-Edu Li-f-e. openSUSE-Edu Li-f-e 12.1 was released January 1, 2012. openSUSE-Edu Li-f-e 42.1, released December 21, 2015, was the last release based on openSUSE. Ubuntu based Li-f-e 16.04.3 was released August 6, 2017. Li-f-e 18.04.4 was released February 19, 2020.

  95. Linux From Scratch
    http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/
    Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides you with the steps necessary to build your own custom Linux system using the LFS book. The web site also contains links to other resources such as mailing lists, mailing list archives, newsgroups, search engine, faq and more. Released under the original BSD License. Development version 3.2-rc2 was released February 27, 2002. LFS is available with or without systemd. LFS 10.0 was released September 1, 2020. LFS 10.1 was released March 1, 2021. LFS 11.0 was released September 1, 2021.

  96. PrimTux
    http://primtux.fr
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/primtux/ PrimTux is developed in cooperation with the French ASRI Edu community, for use in French primary schools. PrimTux "Freedom", based on Debian 8.2 "Jessie", was released October 11, 2015. PrimTux Eiffel was released April 6, 2016. PrimTux2 was released October 29, 2016. PrimTux 4 was released October 26, 2018. PrimTux 5, released October 27, 2019, was based on Lubuntu 18.04. PrimTux 6, released November 15, 2020, comes in two editions; one based on Debian 10, the other based on Ubuntu 20.04.

  97. Skolelinux
    https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/
    http://www.skolelinux.org/
    Skolelinux, aka Debian Edu, is a free software soluion designed for the resources and needs of schools. It started in Norway, but it has become an international community, and is synonymous with the Debian Edu subproject. Skolelinux pr41 was released November 2, 2003. Skolelinux 1.0 (Venus) update 1 was released November 1, 2004. Debian Edu/Skolelinux 6.0.4 "squeeze" was released March 11, 2012. Debian Edu/Skolelinux 7.1 was released September 28, 2013. Debian Edu 8.0 "jessie" was released July 2, 2016. Debian Edu 9.0 "stretch" was released June 18, 2017. Debian Edu 10.0 "buster" was released July 7, 2019. Debian Edu 11.0 "bullseye" was released August 15, 2021.

  98. Springdale Linux
    https://springdale.math.ias.edu/
    Formerly known as PUIAS Linux, Springdale Linux (SDL) is built by the computing staff of Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study, using RHEL sources. Additional repositories are available and may be used with a stock RHEL installation. The Addons repository contains additional packages not included in a stock Red Hat distribution. The Computational repository also includes additional packages specific to scientific computing. The Unsupported repository is a place where one time packages are put, they are unsupported and may change frequently. PUIAS 6.2 (pisa) was released December 15, 2011. Springdale 6.8, 7.9, and 8.3 were supported as of December 2020.

  99. ubermix
    http://ubermix.org/
    Ubermix is an all-free, specially built, Linux-based operating system designed from the ground up with the needs of education in mind. Built by educators with an eye towards student and teacher empowerment, ubermix takes all the complexity out of student devices by making them as reliable and easy-to-use as a cell phone, without sacrificing the power and capabilities of a full operating system. With a turn-key, 5 minute installation, 20 second quick recovery mechanism, and more than 60 free applications pre-installed, ubermix turns whatever hardware you have into a powerful device for learning. Ubermix was added to the list March 13, 2013, when the current version was 1.065. The 1.0.x series was based on Ubuntu 12.04 "Precise Pangolin". Ubermix 4.40 (based on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS) was released February 1, 2020.

    Country-specific

    These may provide support for other languages. Most of the websites listed here will be in the appropriate language for the country of origin.

    Argentina

  100. Dragora
    http://www.dragora.org/
    Dragora is an independent distribution of GNU/linux based on the concepts of simplicity and elegance. It was written by Matías A. Fonzo in Argentina. It aims to be a multipurpose, stable and powerful operating system using only free software. The initial release of Dragora was June 13, 2008. Dragora GNU/Linux 1.1 was released October 8, 2009. Dragora 2.2 was released April 21, 2012. Dragora 3.0 Beta 1 was released October 16, 2019.

    Brazil

  101. Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre
    https://www.hyperbola.info/
    The Hyperbola Project is a community driven effort to provide a fully free (as in freedom) operating system that is stable, secure, simple, lightweight that tries to Keep It Simple Stupid (KISS) under a Long Term Support (LTS) way. Hyperbola is derived from Arch with stability and security from Debian. Hyperbola has been endorsed by the FSF as a Free Software distribution. The current stable release is Milky Way (which was released July 13, 2017 and will be supported until 2020. The development branch is called White Hole. Milky Way 0.3 was released September 23, 2019. The project announced that they will be switching from the Linux-libre kernel to a fork of the OpenBSD kernel in 2020. The Milky Way branch will be supported until 2022.

  102. Linuxfx
    http://www.linuxfx.org/
    Linuxfx GhostOS has a modern core, an advanced KDE desktop and all plugins, drivers and applications needed for production and entertainment embedded in the system. The interface aims to be intuitive and very modern. It includes full support for biometrics. Linuxfx GhostOS joined the list with the release of v6 on November 7, 2012. Linuxfx ctOS 7.4.2 was released November 22, 2015. Linuxfx OS 8.0 LTS was released June 29, 2017. Linuxfx LTS 9.0 was released May 11, 2018. Linuxfx 10.1 was released May 6, 2020. Linuxfx 10.5 WX Desktop was released August 16, 2020. In September 2020 version 10.6 was released. Shortly after that free downloads were removed and the distribution became a commercial offering.

    Bulgaria

  103. USU Linux
    http://learnfree.eu/
    http://learnfree.eu/welcome/what-is-usu
    USU Linux is an Ubuntu derivative developed by Bulgarians for Bulgarians. It comes in three editions: USU Mini, USU Desktop, and USU Netbook. The mini edition is suitable for home or business use, the desktop edition has a strong focus on educational uses, and the netbook edition is specially created for little mini portable computers. The stable version was 6.0 for all editions, and a development release of USU Mini 7.0 was available when USU joined the list on June 21, 2011. The current version was 9.1 in May 2020.

    China

  104. Linux Deepin
    http://deepin.org/
    Linux Deepin (formerly known as Hiweed GNU/Linux) is a Chinese Linux distribution, based on Debian GNU/Linux. Its features include preconfigured Chinese applications, such as Chinese input method, Chinese-English and English-Chinese dictionaries, and Chinese true-type fonts. It features the Deepin desktop and other in-house apps. Hiweed joined the list with the Hiweed Desktop v0.3RC1, released June 29, 2004. LinuxDeepin 9.12 (based on Ubuntu 9.10) was released December 30, 2009. Deepin 15.9 (based on Debian unstable) was released January 16, 2019. Deepin 15.10 (based on Debian stable) was released April 28, 2019. Deepin 15.11 was released July 19, 2019. Deepin 20 was released September 11, 2020. Deepin 20.2.4 was released September 29, 2021. Deepin 20.3 was released November 23, 2021.

  105. Magic Linux
    http://www.magiclinux.org/
    Magic Linux is a Chinese community distribution which uses the RPM package management system and which is optimised for the i686 processor architecture. Magic Linux 2.1 was released December 15, 2008. Magic Linux 3.0.5 was released July 14, 2014. Magic Linux 4.0 was released May 26, 2018.

    France

  106. Emmabuntüs
    http://emmabuntus.sourceforge.net/
    Emmabuntüs is a Ubuntu derivative that aims to be simple and easy to use. Some proprietary bits (like Skype) are included to make things easier for people new to GNU/Linux. Several flavors of Emmabuntüs with different desktops are available. This entry was added July 11, 2012. Emmabuntüs2 1.00, released July 14, 2012, is based on Xubuntu 12.04. Emmabuntüs2 1.08 was released June 22, 2014. Emmabuntüs 3, based on Xubuntu 14.04, was released June 9, 2014. Emmabuntüs 3 1.03 was released March 31, 2016. Emmabuntüs Debian 8.9 Edition 1.03 was released August 28, 2017. Emmabuntüs Debian Edition 2 1.06 (based on Debian 9.9 "stretch") was released December 19, 2019. Emmabuntüs Debian Edition 3 1.04, based on Debian 10.8 buster, was released February 28, 2021. EmmaDE4, based on Debian 11 bullseye, was released September 20, 2021.

  107. NuTyX GNU/Linux
    http://www.nutyx.org/
    NuTyX GNU/Linux is inspired by Linux From Scratch and Beyond Linux From Scratch. It uses its own package manager called "cards". NyTyX joined the list with the release of v2009, in September 2009. NuTyX 11.6 was released September 10, 2020. NuTyX 20.12.0 was released December 14, 2020. NuTyX 21.07.02 was released July 4, 2021. NuTyX 21.10.0 was released October 22, 2021. NuTyX 21.10.12 was released December 26, 2021.

  108. Voyager Live
    http://voyagerlive.org/
    Voyager Live is an Xubuntu/Debian derivative showcasing the Xfce desktop. Voyager 13.10 was released October 28, 2013. Voyager 10, based on Debian 10 "buster" was released August 10, 2019. Voyager GE 19.10 was released October 27, 2019. Voyager 20.04 LTS was released April 28, 2020. Voyager GE 20.10 was released November 1, 2020. Voyager11, based on Debian 11 Bullseye, was released August 24, 2021. Voyager Live 21.10 GE (with the GNOME desktop) was released November 2, 2021.

    Greece

  109. Slackel
    http://www.slackel.gr/
    Slackel follows Slackware-current (Slackware's development branch) and is synchronized with Slackware repositories. It features an update notification and one-click updating. Slackel joined the list with the May 5, 2012 release of some installation and LIVE DVD images. Slackel 14.0 was released October 13, 2012. Slackel 6.0 Openbox, based on Slackware and Salix, was released February 18, 2014. Slackel 1.0 Live Fluxbox was released August 9, 2014. Slackel 6.0.7 Live Openbox was released September 16, 2016. Slackel Live KDE 4.14.21 was released October 21, 2016. Slackel 6.0.8 Openbox was released November 19, 2016. Slackel 7.4 Openbox was released January 1, 2021.

    Germany

  110. Neptune OS
    https://neptuneos.com/
    Neptune is designed for desktops and based on Debian stable with the KDE Plasma desktop. It is also flexible and useful on USB sticks and comes with custom applications to create and manage a live USB stick. Neptune 1.5 was released July 11, 2009. Neptune 5.6 was released November 4, 2018. Neptune 6.0 (based on Debian 10 Buster) was released August 16, 2019. Neptune 6.5 was released July 7, 2020.

    India

  111. BOSS
    http://bosslinux.in
    BOSS (Bharat Operating System Solutions) is a Linux distribution developed by the National Resource Centre For Free/Open Source Software in India. It's based on Debian and made specifically for the Indian environment with a pleasing Desktop environment coupled with Indian language support (Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Punjabi, Telugu, Tamil, and more) and other packages that are most relevant for use in the government domain. BOSS joined the list at verison 1.0 released January 2007. BOSS 3.0 was released September 5, 2008. EduBOSS 3.0 and BOSS 5.0 were current in March 2014. BOSSMOOL (Minimalistic Object Oriented Linux) aims to redesign the Linux kernel to reduce coupling and increase maintainability by means of OO (Object Oriented) abstractions. BOSS 6.0 "Anoop" was released September 2015. BOSS 8 was released October 30, 2019.

  112. SuperX
    http://superxos.com/
    SuperX stands for "Simple, User friendly, Powerful, Energetic and Robust eXperience". SuperX uses a tweaked version of KDE and is aimed towards beginners, casual users and business looking for a well supported user-friendly OS. It is used in government domains and universities in India. SuperX joined the list with the release of SuperX 3.0 "Grace" beta in December 2014. SuperX 3.0 "Grace" was released March 23, 2015. SuperX 5.0 "Lamarr" was released May 2, 2019.

    Indonesia

  113. BlankOn
    http://www.blankonlinux.or.id/
    BlankOn is an Indonesian distribution, targeting desktop users with limited Internet access. BlankOn is developed by Indonesian Linux Activator Foundation (YPLI, Yayasan Penggerak Linux Indonesia) and BlankOn Developers in order to encourage Indonesian people to get involved with Free/Open Source Software development. BlankOn was added to the list with the release of Catatan Rilis BlankOn 6.0 (Ombilin), dated July 4, 2010. BlankOn Sajadah 6.0 was released August 10, 2010. BlankOn 7.0 was released August 17, 2011. BlankOn 8.0 Rote was released August 16, 2012. BlankOn Linux 10.0 "Tambora" was released January 5, 2017. BlankOn 11.0 "Uluwatu" was released May 2, 2018.

    Italy

  114. FUSS
    http://fuss.bz.it/
    FUSS (Free Upgrade in SouthTyrol's Schools) is a project funded by the European Social Fund which has upgraded the computer systems of all the Italian schools in the Autonomous Province of Bolzano/Bozen. All software with a proprietary license has been removed from the FUSS GNU/Linux Soledad distribution. The project has developed the software solution and released it under a free software license. FUSS 4, based on Ubuntu Jaunty (9.04), was released May 20, 2009. Appears to be active in May 2020.

  115. openmamba GNU/Linux
    http://www.openmamba.org/
    openmamba GNU/Linux is a distribution for personal computers (Intel i686-compatible) that can be used on notebooks, desktops and servers. It comes with a plenty of software programs for office, multimedia, internet, games and much more. Created and maintained by mambaSoft, openmamba is now supported by a community of developers and Open Source software fans. openmamba is free software, with roots in the discontinued QiLinux project. It uses APT for RPM and Synaptic as its package management tools. openmamba was added to the list August 25, 2008, at version 1.0. openmamba milestone3 was released October 25, 2015. openmamba now uses the rolling release model. Images were released May 17, 2020.

  116. Puzzle GNU/linux
    http://www.puzzlelinux.it/
    Puzzle features a hybrid desktop that combines elements from Openbox, xbmc, and KDE. It aims to be highly customizable. It's compatible with Ubuntu repositories and the project maintains unique Puzzle packages. Puzzle 1.1 was released November 21, 2014. PuzzleLinux 2.0 was the current version in October 2016. PuzzleLinux 3.0 was released July 2, 2018.

    Japan

  117. Berry Linux
    http://berry-lab.net/
    Berry Linux is a lightweight, fast operating system. It can boot from the CD-ROM / USB drive / USB-HDD / HDD. Fedora-based Berry Linux emphasizes the Japanese environment, with various fonts and a good input engine. The initial version of Berry Linux, 0.01 Beta, was released April 13, 2003. Berry Linux 1.32, based on Fedora 31, was released March 17, 2020.

  118. Miracle Linux
    http://www.miraclelinux.com/
    Miracle Linux is a high reliability, scalability and availability server OS for the enterprise market, according to MIRACLE LINUX CORPORATION, the developer of the distribution. MIRACLE LINUX CORPORATION was originally founded by Oracle Corporation Japan. The current distribution (as of February 2017) was Asianux Server 7.0, along with other products. MIRACLE LINUX 8, based on RHEL 8.1, was current as of May 2020.

  119. Omoikane GNU/Linux
    http://www.omoikane.co.jp/
    This appears to be a Debian based distribution translated to Japanese. It comes in several editions. Appeared to be current as of April 2009. ARMA (Omoikane GNU/Linux) 3.0 was the current version in February 2017. ARMA Classic Desktop Basic Edition 4.0 was current in May 2020.

  120. Vine Linux
    http://www.vinelinux.org/
    "The Supreme Linux Distribution with Integrated Japanese Environment for Your Desktop PCs and Notebooks." Multiple platforms seem to be supported. Vine Linux 2.5 was released April 15, 2002. Vine 6.3 was released February 26, 2015. Vine 6.5 was released April 3, 2017. In May 2021 the project announced that there would be no more versioned releases. VineSeed development will remain active.

    Pakistan

  121. ERP OS
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/erp-os/
    ERP OS is a Lubuntu based distribution that includes Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software. ERP OS 1 was released October 27, 2020.

  122. PakOS
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/pakos/
    PakOS is based on Debian and aims to be easy to use and reasonably secure with minimum resource utilization; for office, home, internet and off-line use. Language support includes English and Urdu. Development on PakOS began in December 2018. PakOS2019-06-09_Lxqt, based on Debian 10 "buster", was the current version when this entry was added (July 23, 2019). PakOS2020-04 was released April 18, 2020.

  123. POS OS
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/roshantech-com-pos-os/
    POS OS is a Retail Management Solution, including a browser-based system written in PHP and using MySQL for a database. POS OS 1 was based on Linux Mint 17.2 and released October 31, 2015. POS OS 2.0.1 was released July 23, 2020.


  124. https://sourceforge.net/projects/roshan-os/
    RoshanOS is a general purpose system with a lot of pre-installed software. It is designed to be customizable. RoshanOS 1.0 was released in February 2021.

    Mexico

  125. Jarro Negro
    https://jarronegro.mx/
    English
    Jarro Negro is a 'built from scratch' distribution that got its start in 2005. The project developed is own "JNP" package manager and uses the Enlightenment window manager. Jarro Negro 4.0.0, released June 25, 2021, supports x86-32 architectures with PAE and without UEFI.

    Poland

  126. PLD
    http://www.pld-linux.org/
    PLD is a Linux distribution made mainly in Poland and by Poles, with documentation and mailing list available in English and Polish. PLD, which stands for PLD Linux Distribution, provides two managers for its RPM-based packages; a clone of Debian apt and its own poldek. The PLD Linux team released the first official stable version on November, 22, 2002. There are also PLD Live CD and PLD Rescue CD versions. PLD 2.0 (Ac) was released April 1, 2007 and reached end of life April 1, 2021. PLD Th 2013 snapshot was released December 31, 2013. PLD NR (New Rescue), built with the Th 2013 snapshot, was released January 1, 2014. PLD Th 2018 was released January 1, 2019. PLD Rescue 2018-1.6 was released January 2, 2019. PLD Th 2019 was released January 13, 2020. PLD Th 2020 was released January 1, 2021. PLD New Rescue Th 2021 was released February 9, 2021. PLD New Rescue Th-20211017 was released October 17, 2021.

    Russia

  127. Kolibri
    http://www.kolibrios.org/
    Kolibri is the Russian word for hummingbird. Like the hummingbird, this OS aims to be small and fast. KolibriOS has a monolithic preemptive kernel and video drivers for 32-bit x86 architecture computers. It is developed and maintained by The KolibriOS Project Team. It is written entirely in FASM (assembly language). However C, C++, Free Pascal, Forth, and other high-level languages, may also be used in user application development. This OS takes about 5 MB of disk and around 10 MB of memory. Supported languages are Russian, English and German. Kolibri joined the list at version 0.7.5.0, released January 31, 2009. Kolibri 0.7.7.0 was released December 13, 2009. While there don't appear to have been any new releases, nightly builds were available as of May 2020.

  128. ROSA
    http://www.rosalab.com/
    http://en.rosalinux.com/
    http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/
    ROSA is a general purpose distribution from ROSA JSC. This Mandriva fork comes with additional software developed in-house. ROSA joined the list with the April 6, 2012 release of ROSA Marathon 2012 beta. The final release of ROSA Marathon 2012 was dated May 14, 2012. Marathon Release Pack 2 was released April 18, 2013. ROSA Desktop Fresh R6 was released July 21, 2015. ROSA Enterprise Desktop X2 was released May 19, 2015. ROSA Desktop Fresh R6 LXQt was released December 9, 2015. ROSA Desktop Fresh KDE R7 was released January 22, 2016. ROSA Desktop Fresh R7 Gnome3 was released February 25, 2016. ROSA R8.1 was released March 7, 2017. ROSA Desktop Fresh R9, released April 20, 2017, will be supported for 4 years. ROSA R9 LXQt was released June 7, 2017. ROSA Desktop Fresh R11 was released March 15, 2019. ROSA Desktop Fresh R11.1 was released April 23, 2020.

    Serbia

  129. Serbian GNU/Linux
    http://www.debian-srbija.iz.rs/
    Septor
    https://www.debian-srbija.iz.rs/p/septor.html
    Serbian GNU/Linux is a Debian-based distribution for Serbian-speaking people. Serbian 2016 KDE was released January 25, 2016. Serbian 2016 Openbox was released February 8, 2016. Serbian Septor, released June 15, 2018, is focused on security and privacy and uses the Tor network. Septor 2019 was released January 1, 2019. Serbian 2019 KDE was released January 21, 2019. Serbian 2019 Openbox was released February 1, 2019. Septor 2019.4, released July 10, 2019, updates the base to Debian 10 buster. Septor 2020.4 was released August 26, 2020. Serbian 2020 KDE was released January 16, 2020. Serbian 2020 Openbox was released January 26, 2020. Serbian Septor 2021, released January 1, 2021, updates the base to Debian testing (Bullseye). Serbian 2021 KDE was released January 20, 2021. Septor 2021.4 was released August 10, 2021.

    Slovakia

  130. Greenie
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/greenie/
    Greenie is a user-friendly Ubuntu-based distribution optimized for use by Slovak and Czech-speaking users. It is also prepared for working with e-books, reading and writing. Greenie joined the list with the release of v4i R3, dated March 14, 2009. Greenie 16.04 was released March 2, 2017. Greenie 18.04 was released May 13, 2018. Greenie 20.04 was released June 2, 2020.

    South Africa

  131. MakuluLinux
    http://www.makululinux.com/
    MakuluLinux is based on Debian testing. It aims to be sleek, smooth and stable, and it includes pre-installed multimedia codecs and software for everyday use. Makulu 4.3 Xfce was released November 28, 2013. Other desktop varieties are available. The MakuluLinux 15 Series Base was released September 27, 2018. Makulu 15 Core, released January 25, 2019, uses the MakuluLinux 15 Series Base with the Core desktop environment, which is a fork of Xfce. MakuluLinux Flash 2020 was released March 29, 2020. MakuluLinux LinDoz 2021-03-05 is out.

    Spain

  132. LliureX
    http://lliurex.net/
    LliureX is an Ubuntu-based educational distribution developed by the Council of Culture, Education and Sport at the Municipality of Valencia in Spain. Version 9.09 was released September 23, 2009. LliureX 11.09 was released September 14, 2011. LliureX 15.05 343 was released Februrary 23, 2017. LliureX 19 was released October 31, 2019.

    Sweden

  133. ExTiX
    http://www.extix.se/
    http://linux.exton.net/
    ExTiX is a live CD supporting English and Swedish, created by Arne Exton. ExTiX was at v1.4 when this entry was added April 11, 2005. Originally ExTix used a KNOPPIX/Debian base, but later versions use an Ubuntu/Debian base. ExTix 19.10 was released October 23, 2019. ExTiX Deepin 20.1 (based on Deepin 15.11) was released December 30, 2019. ExTiX 20.2 KDE was released January 26, 2020. ExTiX LXQt Mini 20.4 was released April 2, 2020. ExTix 20.9 KDE with Anbox (Android in a Box) was released August 25, 2020. ExTix Deepin 21.1 was released January 3, 2021. ExTiX LXQt Mini 21.7 was released July 10, 2021. ExTiX Deepin 21.9 was released September 14, 2021. ExTiX 21.11 LXQt was released October 30, 2021.

    Switzerland

  134. Daylight Linux
    http://daylightlinux.ch/
    Daylight Linux is a Debian based OS with the fluxbox desktop. It's aimed at the Raspberry Pi and a live iso version is also available. Daylight 3, released December 23, 2018, is based on Debian 10 "Buster". Daylight 4 was released September 17, 2019.

    Turkey

  135. Archman
    http://archman.org/en/
    Archman is an Arch Linux derivative that aims to be easy, fast and powerful. Offical versions are available with Xfce, KDE-Plasma, Mate, and LxQt desktops. It uses the Calamares installer. The Pacman command-line package manager is available as well as GUI applications Pamac and Octopi. Archman uses a rolling release model with snapshots. Archman Xfce 2019-09 was released September 5, 2019. Archman Xfce 2020-04 was released April 17, 2020. Archman KDE Plasma Edition 2020-11 was released November 13, 2020. Archman 2021-03-02 with Xfce or i3wm was released March 2, 2021.

  136. Pardus
    http://www.pardus.org.tr/
    Pardus is a Debian-based distribution jointly developed by the Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey and National Academic Network and Information Centre. Version 1.0 featured a KDE 3.5 desktop localized in Turkish and was also available in English, Spanish, German and Dutch. Pardus 2007.2 "Caracal caracal", released July 11, 2007, was available in French, Italian, Catalan, Turkish, English, Spanish, German, Dutch, and Brazilian Portuguese. Pardus 2013.0 Corporate was released March 25, 2013. Pardus Community Edition 1.0 was released April 12, 2013. Pardus Community 2.0 GNOME was released September 20, 2013. Pardus 17.0 was released July 6, 2017, after a long hiatus. The 17.x series will be supported until January 5, 2021. Pardus 17.5 was released March 4, 2019. Pardus 19.4 was released November 3, 2020. Pardus 19.4-1 was released December 22, 2020. Pardus 19.5 was released March 3, 2021. Pardus 21.0 was released August 21, 2021. Pardus 21.1 was released December 21, 2021.

  137. Pardus Topluluk
    http://pardustopluluk.org/
    Pardus Topluluk is a community fork of Pardus, that started while the original project was on hiatus, and continues as an independent project. Pardus Topluluk 4.0 was released in July 2017.

  138. Pisi GNU/Linux
    http://www.pisilinux.org/
    Pisi GNU/Linux is based on Pardus Linux with it's PISI package system. It provides the base system that allows you to do things like listen to music, browse the internet and create documents. Pisi GNU/Linux uses the KDE Desktop Environment, providing you with a traditional desktop. Pisi joined the list with the release of 1.0 beta, dated June 18, 2013. Pisi 1.0 was released August 14, 2014. Pisi Linux 1.2 was released July 10, 2015. Pisi Linux 2.1.2 was released December 14, 2019.

    Related Projects

  139. Arabeyes Project
    http://www.arabeyes.org/
    Arabeyes is a Meta project that is aimed at fully supporting the Arabic language in the Unix/Linux environment. It is designed to be a central location to standardize the Arabization process. Arabeyes relies on voluntary contributions by computer professionals and enthusiasts all over the world.

  140. IndLinux
    http://www.indlinux.org/
    The Indian Linux Project was formed with the goal of creating a Linux distribution that supports Indian Languages at all levels. This Indianisation project will strive to bring the benefits of Information Technology down to the Indian masses. We want to make technology accessible to the majority of India that does not speak English. Efforts are underway in Hindi, Punjabi, Oriya and Telugu, with more teams working on Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi and Tamil. A Rangoli live CD is available. As of April 20, 2009 teams were working on Hindi, Oriya, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Maithili, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Telugu, Dzongkha (Bhutan), Nepali (Nepal) , Sinhala (Sri Lanka), and Pan Localization.

    Embedded Distributions

  141. Alpine Linux
    http://alpinelinux.org/
    http://wiki.alpinelinux.org/
    Alpine Linux is an independent, non-commercial, general purpose Linux distribution designed for power users who appreciate security, simplicity and resource efficiency. It uses musl libc and busybox for a smaller footprint. Alpine 1.7.19 (development), released July 2, 2008, was the current version when this entry was added (August 25, 2008). Alpine 3.11.6 was released April 23, 2020, as were 3.9.6 and 3.10.5. Alpine Linux 3.12.0 was released May 29, 2020. Alpine Linux 3.13.0 was released January 14, 2021. Alpine Linux 3.14.0 was released June 15, 2021. Alpine Linux 3.15.0 was released November 24, 2021.

  142. Baserock
    http://wiki.baserock.org/
    https://gitlab.com/baserock
    Baserock aims to be a great way to build custom appliance systems with Linux. This entry was added August 28, 2012 with the release of v1.1 "Secret Volcano". Baserock 15.47 was released December 2015.

  143. DivestOS
    https://divestos.org
    DivestOS Mobile is a privacy and security focused distribution for mobile devices, based on LineageOS. Many proprietary blobs have been removed and it features an automated patch checker and other tools for better privacy and security. Works best on Pixel or Nexus devices.

  144. ELinOS
    http://www.elinos.com/
    From German firm SYSGO Real-Time Solutions GMBH, ELinOS is an embedded Linux distribution for Industrial Applications. ELinOS v2.0 includes PowerPC-Support, Real-Time Extension RTAI, Linux Kernel v2.4 and more. V5.0 was released March 3, 2009. ELinOS 6.1 was released March 2016. ELinOS 6.2 and 7.0 were current versions in May 2020.

  145. Enea Linux
    https://www.enea.com/linux
    Enea Linux is a purpose built commercial embedded Linux distribution for multiple architectures. It is Yocto Project compatible and aligned with the Yocto Project release schedule. Enea Linux enables high throughput and low latency for physical networking and NFV applications. Enea joined the list with the release of v2.0, dated October 2, 2012. Enea 5.0 CGL (Carrier Grade Linux) was released January 27, 2016. Enea Linux 6, based on Yocto Project 2.1, was released August 9, 2016. Very much alive but unversioned as of April 2020.

  146. LEAF (Linux Embedded Appliance Firewall)
    http://leaf.zetam.org/
    http://leaf.sourceforge.net/
    LEAF (Linux Embedded Appliance Firewall) is an easy-to-use embedded Linux system that is meant for creating network appliances for use in small office, home office, and home automation environments. There are several branches of LEAF. Bering-uClibc 3.1.1 beta 2 was released February 15, 2009. LEAF Bering-uClibc 4.3.3 was released December 29, 2012. LEAF Bering-uClibc 6.0.5 was released July 16, 2017. LEAF Bering-uClibc 6.0.6-rc1 was released September 18, 2017.

  147. LineageOS
    http://lineageos.org/
    LineageOS was founded in late December 2016 after the the company Cyanogen, Inc. shut down. LineageOS is a free/open-source system for mobile devices, based on the Android Open Source Project. Lineage 15.1, based on Android 8.1 Oreo, was released February 24, 2018. Lineage 16.0, based on Android 9 Pie, was released February 28, 2019. Lineage 17.1, based on Android 10, was released April 1, 2020. Lineage 18.1, based on Android 11, was released April 1, 2021.

  148. MontaVista Linux
    http://www.mvista.com/
    Once known as Hard Hat Linux this embedded distribution from MontaVista, Inc., provides a cross development platform and a set of tool kits designed specifically for embedded solutions along with a Linux platform. A long list of microprocessors are supported. Renamed MontaVista Linux with the release of v2.1 on January 29, 2002. MontaVista Linux now comes in Professional Edition, Carrier Grade Edition, and Consumer Electronics Edition. MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade Edition 4.0 was released May 16, 2005. MontaVista Linux Professional Edition 5.0 was released April 4, 2007. MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade Edition 5.0 was released November 21, 2007. MontaVista Linux 6 was released May 12, 2009. MontaVista was acquired by Cavium Networks, finalized December 18, 2009. MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade Edition 6.0 was released October 21, 2010. MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade eXpress (CGX) 2.6 was current in May 2020.

  149. ProteanOS
    http://proteanos.com/
    ProteanOS is an operating system innovatively designed and built from scratch for a wide range of embedded devices, with inspiration from other successful operating systems. ProteanOS is designed to be as small as possible. Only essential programs and libraries are installed by default. And each software package is stripped down as much as possible. ProteanOS is endorsed by the Free Software Foundation. Entry added July 15, 2015.

  150. UBports
    https://ubports.com/
    Ubuntu Touch is a touch-friendly mobile version of Ubuntu, developed and maintained by UBports. Ubuntu Touch is 100% community driven and independent. UBports joined the list with the release of Ubuntu Touch OTA-4 on August 26, 2018. Ubuntu Touch 16.04 OTA-6 was released December 7, 2018. Ubuntu Touch OTA-8 was released March 6, 2019. Ubuntu Touch OTA-11 was released October 23, 2019. Ubuntu Touch OTA-12 was released May 13, 2020. Ubuntu Touch OTA-15 was released December 16, 2020. Ubuntu Touch OTA-16 was released March 15, 2021. Ubuntu Touch OTA-17 was released May 12, 2021. Ubuntu Touch 16.04 OTA-18 was released July 14, 2021. UBports 16.04 OTA-19 was released Septmeber 21. 2021. UBports 16.04 OTA-20 was released November 19, 2021.

  151. Wind River Linux
    http://windriver.com/products/linux/
    Wind River provides commercial Linux solutions for embedded devices, real-time applications, and carrier grade applications. WindRiver became a wholly owned subsidiary of Intel in 2009. It was announced in April 2018 that global alternative asset firm TPG will acquire the company from Intel. Wind River Linux 3.0 was the current version in April 2009. Wind River Linux 8, released October 5, 2015, was based on Yocto Project 2.0 code. As of April 2018 the current version used Yocto 2.4. In April 2020 the community maintained free version is released annually and supported for 12 months. Wind River Linux LTS 21, with Yocto 3.3, was released June 15, 2021.

  152. Yocto Project
    http://www.yoctoproject.org/
    The Yocto Project is an open source collaboration project that provides templates, tools and methods to help you create custom Linux-based systems for embedded products regardless of the hardware architecture, using the Poky reference distribution. Yocto 1.0, with Poky 5.0, was released April 6, 2011. Yocto 1.3 was released October 26, 2012. Yocto 1.7 Dizzy was released October 30, 2014. Yocto Project 2.0 (jethro 14.0.0) was released November 10, 2015. Yocto 2.7 was released May 1, 2019. Yocto 3.0 was released October 23, 2019. Yocto Project 3.1 LTS (dunfell-23.0.0) was released April 21, 2020. Yocto Project 3.3 ("Hardknott") was released April 19, 2021. Yocto Project 3.4 ("Honister") was released October 29, 2021.

    Secured Distributions

  153. BackBox Linux
    http://www.backbox.org/
    BackBox is an Ubuntu-based penetration testing and security assessment oriented distribution. It provides a network and systems analysis toolkit and includes some of the most commonly known/used security and analysis tools. The first release was in May 2010. BackBox Linux 6.0 was released June 11, 2019. BackBox Linux 7.0, based on Ubuntu 20.04, was released May 15, 2020.

  154. BlackArch Linux
    http://blackarch.org/
    BlackArch Linux is a lightweight expansion to Arch Linux for penetration testers and security researchers. Early ISOs were released July 1, 2014. BlackArch 2020.12.01 is out.

  155. CAINE
    http://www.caine-live.net/
    CAINE (Computer Aided INvestigative Environment) is an Italian GNU/Linux live distribution created as a project of Digital Forensics. CAINE offers a complete forensic environment that is organized to integrate existing software tools as software modules and to provide a friendly graphical interface. CAINE joined the list with the release of v2.0 "NewLight" dated September 14, 2010. CAINE and NBCAINE 4.0 "Pulsar" were released March 18, 2013. CAINE 8.0 "blazar" was released October 30, 2016. CAINE 9.0 "Quantum" was released October 25, 2017. CAINE 10.0 "Infinity" was released November 9, 2018. CAINE 11.0 "Wormhole" was released December 1, 2019.

  156. CLIP OS
    https://clip-os.org/en/
    The CLIP OS project is maintained by the ANSSI (National Cybersecurity Agency of France) that aims to build a hardened, multi-level operating system, based on the Linux kernel and a lot of free and open source software. The source code and documentation for CLIP OS 5 alpha (based on Hardened Gentoo) was released September 18, 2018 in French and English. CLIP OS 5 beta was released December 10, 2019.

  157. CopperheadOS
    https://copperhead.co/android/
    CopperheadOS is a hardened open-source system based on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) release. The first beta was released February 8, 2016. CopperheadOS Android 9 Pie was released March 26, 2019. CopperheadOS Android 10 was released February 12, 2020. CopperheadOS beta 2020.02.05 is out.

  158. Endian Firewall Community
    http://www.endian.com/en/
    Endian Firewall Community is a "turn-key" Linux security distribution that turns every system into a full featured security appliance. The software has been designed with "usablity in mind" and is very easy to install, use and manage, without losing its flexibility. This distribution was added to the list at version 2.1, released January 9, 2007. Endian Firewall Community 2.1.2 was released July 10, 2007. Version 2.2 was released May 28, 2009. Endian Firewall Community 2.5.2 was released August 23, 2013. Endian Firewall Community 3.3 was released November 5, 2018. Endian Firewall Community 3.3.2 was released November 13, 2020.

  159. Greenbone OS
    https://www.greenbone.net/en/
    Greenbone Networks was founded in 2008, headquartered in Germany. They provide the Greenbone Security Manager (GSM), which is an open source solution for vulnerability analysis and management. Greenbone OS (GOS), a Debian derivative, is at the core of GSM. GOS 21.04 was released April 30, 2021.

  160. heads
    https://heads.dyne.org/
    Heads is much like Tails (listed below). Like Tails, it is intended to be used as a live CD/USB and uses Tor to help you be anonymous. However Devuan-based heads uses only free software and has applied for inclusion to the FSF's list of free distributions. heads 0.4, released March 26, 2018, was based on Devuan Beowulf (Testing).

  161. IPFire
    http://www.ipfire.org/
    IPFire is a hardened, versatile, state-of-the-art Open Source firewall based on Linux. It aims for ease of use, high performance in any scenario, and extensibility. The project started with a Linux From Scratch base in 2007. IPFire joined the list with version 2.7, released July 2, 2010. IPFire 2.23 Core Update 139 was released January 9, 2020. IPFire 2.25 contains changes that are not backwards-compatible. The 2.23 Core Update 140 aggressively cleans up as much as possible, old versions of system libraries, etc., and increases the /boot and / partion size. There is a chance that some users will have to reinstall to get the new partition layout. IPFire 2.25 Core Update 159, released August 18, 2021, is a major release that updates the kernel and toolchain. IPFire 2.27 Core Update 162 was released December 21, 2021.

  162. Kali Linux
    http://www.kali.org/
    Kali Linux is the successor of the BackTrack distribution, funded and developed by Offensive Security. It's aimed at penetration testing and related tasks. Debian-based Kali Linux was announced March 13, 2013. Kali 2.0 was released August 11, 2015. Kali Linux 2019.4 was released November 26, 2019. Kali Linux 2020.4 was released November 18, 2020. Kali Linux 2021.2 was released June 1, 2021. Kali Linux 2021.3 was released September 14, 2021. Kali Linux 2021.4 was released December 9, 2021.

  163. Linux Kodachi
    https://www.digi77.com/linux-kodachi/
    Linux Kodachi based on Debian. It will provide you with a secure, anti- forensic, and anonymous operating system considering all features that a person who is concerned about privacy would need to have in order to be secure. Kodachi aims to be easy to use. It is a live system, intended to run from a USB drive and provides an established VPN connection + Tor Connection + DNScrypt service running. It runs in RAM so once you shut it down no trace is left behind. The first release of Kodachi was on October 20, 2013. Debian 8.6-based Kodachi 3.7 was released January 8, 2017. Linux Kodachi 4.0, based on Debian 9.5, was released October 3, 2018. Kodachi 7.0, based on Xubuntu 18.04 LTS, was released May 25, 2020. Kodachi 7.3 was released October 18, 2020. Kodachi 8.1 was released March 19, 2021.

  164. Network Security Toolkit (NST)
    http://www.networksecuritytoolkit.org/nst/
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/nst/
    The Network Security Toolkit (NST), is a live CD based on Fedora. The toolkit was designed to provide easy access to best-of-breed Open Source Network Security Applications and should run on most x86 platforms. NST also makes an excellent tool to help one with all sorts of crash recovery troubleshooting scenarios and situations. Version 1.2.3 was released September 5, 2005. Fedora 28 based NST 28 SVN:10234 was released July 1, 2018. NST 32 SVN:11992, based on Fedora 32, was released June 7, 2020. NST 34 was released June 16, 2021.

  165. Openwall GNU/Linux
    http://www.openwall.com/Owl/
    Owl (Openwall GNU/*/Linux) is a small security-enhanced distribution for servers. Owl also makes a good base system for customized virtual machine images and embedded systems, and Owl live CDs with remote SSH access are good for recovering or installing systems (whether with Owl or not). A single Owl CD includes the full live system, installable packages, the installer program, as well as full source code and the build environment capable of rebuilding the entire system from source. Owl supports multiple architectures (x86, x86-64, SPARC, and Alpha) and offers some compatibility for packages developed for other Linux distributions. The primary approaches to security are proactive source code review, privilege reduction, privilege separation, careful selection of third-party software, safe defaults, and "hardening" to reduce the likelihood of successful exploitation of security flaws. The Owl 0.1-prerelease was released on May 11, 2001. Owl 3.1 was released January 5, 2015. The latest Owl 3.1 stable release, dated July 3, 2018, was still current in May 2020.

  166. Parrot Security OS
    https://www.parrotsec.org/
    Parrot Security OS is a Debian-based distribution aimed at cloud oriented pentesting. It has a number of security tools for penetration testing, information gathering, vulnerability assessment, anonymity, cryptography, and more. Parrot joined the list February 2, 2016 when the current version was 2.1 "Murdock". Parrot 3.11 was released January 28, 2018. Parrot 4.0 was released May 21, 2018. Parrot 4.11 was released March 28, 2021.

  167. Predator-OS
    https://predator-os.com
    Predator-OS aims to be hardened, secure, and anonymized; many tools for penetration testing and ethical hacking are included. It was established in 2021 by Hossein Seilany. The initial version was based on Ubuntu Mini 20.04 LTS. Predator OS 2.0 was released October 6, 2021.

  168. PureOS
    https://pureos.net/
    PureOS is a Debian derivative with added emphasis on privacy protection. Privacy-protecting software applications are preinstalled and you may easily encrypt your hard drive. PureOS is used in Purism computers and it is endorsed by the Free Software Foundation. PureOS 8.0 "Prometheus" beta 1 was the current version in December 2017. PureOS 9.0 "Hephaestus" was the current version in December 2020. PureOS 10.0 "Byzantium" was released with the Librem 5, which was available for purchase in April 2021.

  169. Qubes OS
    http://qubes-os.org/
    Qubes OS is a security-oriented OS for desktop computing. Applications are separated into "qubes" (virtual machines) to isolate activities. The first alpha version was released April 7, 2010. Qubes OS 1.0 was released September 3, 2012. Qubes OS 4.0 was released March 28, 2018. Qubes OS 3.2.1 was released November 12, 2018. Qubes OS 4.0.4 was released March 4, 2021. Qubes OS 4.1-rc3 was released December 21, 2021.

  170. Redcore Linux
    https://redcorelinux.org/
    Redcore Linux is based on Gentoo (stable + some unstable). It aims to be a very quick way to install Gentoo. Redcore provides a repository with prebuilt binary packages which receive continuous updates (rolling release model). Redcore 1801 was released January 28, 2018. In February 2018 the project announced that they will be rebasing to Gentoo Hardened, using many hardening techniques to help secure the distribution. Redcore Hardened 1803 was released April 1, 2018. Redcore Hardened 1806 was released July 1, 2018. Redcore 1908 Mira, released August 17, 2019, is based on Gentoo Testing. Redcore Linux Hardened 2004 (codename Neptune) resynced with Gentoo testing May 14, 2020. Redcore Linux Hardened 2101 (Orion) was released June 8, 2021. Redcore Linux Hardened 2102 (Polaris) was released October 19, 2021.

  171. Split Linux
    https://splitlinux.org/
    Split Linux is a general operating system optimized for safely navigating hostile environments like the Internet and physical check points. Split Linux builds on tools that follow the UNIX philosophy and is based on the fast and independent Void Linux. Split Linux runs containers on an encrypted partition. You may also install a "decoy OS" which the system will boot to normally from that partition. When booting from a USB drive the user may then log into a specific container. The initial release was split-live-x86_64-musl-20200531.iso. split-live-x86_64-musl-20210112.iso is out.

  172. SmoothWall
    http://www.smoothwall.org/
    SmoothWall was first released to the world in July 2000 as a hardened internet firewall device. Products include Smoothwall Server and Smoothwall GPL, renamed Smoothwall Express. Smoothwall GPL 1.0 was released December 10, 2002. Smoothwall Express 2.0 was released December 17, 2003. SmoothWall Express 2.0 SP1 (stable update) was released December 22, 2006. SmoothWall Express 3.0 "Polar" was released August 22, 2007. Update 5 for Express 3.0 was released September 2, 2009. Smoothwall Express 3.1 Update9 was released April 21, 2018. Smoothwall Express 3.1 Update 10 was released February 14, 2019.

  173. Tails
    http://tails.boum.org/
    The Amnesic Incognito Live System (Tails) is a Debian based live CD/USB aimed at preserving your privacy and anonymity by forcing all outgoing connections to the Internet to go through the Tor network and by leaving no trace on local storage devices unless explicitly asked. Tails 0.7, based on Debian 6.0 squeeze, was released April 15, 2011. Debian 9 stretch-based Tails 3.16 was released September 4, 2019. Debian 10 buster-based Tails 4.4.1 was released March 23, 2020. Tails 4.19 was released June 1, 2021. Tails 4.25 was released December 7, 2021.

  174. Trusted End Node Security (TENS)
    https://spi.dod.mil/lipose.htm
    Trusted End Node Security (TENS) is developed by the US Department of Defense. Once called Lightweight Portable Security, TENS boots a thin Linux operating system from removable media without mounting a local hard drive and runs in RAM, providing a trusted network environment on an untrusted computer. LPS joined the list with the release of LPS-Public ISO 1.1.1, dated November 15, 2010. TENS is updated on a regular basis. Users should be sure to update to the latest version to have the latest protection and most recent drivers. TENS 1.7.6 was released May 17, 2019. TENS 3.0 was released February 21, 2020. TENS 3.0.3.1 was released February 2, 2021. In April 2021 TENS lost its funding and will likely be discontinued.

  175. Untangle
    http://www.untangle.com/
    Untangle Gateway was a KNOPPIX-based network gateway with pluggable modules for network applications like spam blocking, web filtering, anti-virus, anti-spyware, intrusion prevention, VPN, SSL VPN, firewall, and more. Untangle Gateway 6.2 (based on Debian Lenny) was released June 5, 2009. Untangle is now independent, no longer based on another distribution. The company aims to provide comprehensive network security for small-to-medium businesses (SMBs) and distributed enterprises. Untangle NG Firewall 15.0 was released February 18, 2020. NG Firewall Version 15.1, released May 22, 2020, updates the base to Debian 10 "buster". NG Firewall 16.0 was released October 16, 2020.

  176. Whonix
    https://www.whonix.org/
    Whonix (called TorBOX or aos in the past) is an anonymous general purpose operating system based on Virtual Box, Debian GNU/Linux and Tor. By Whonix design, IP and DNS leaks are impossible. Not even malware with root rights can find out the user's real IP/location. This is because Whonix consists of two virtual machines. One machine solely runs Tor and acts as a gateway, called the Whonix-Gateway. The other machine, called Whonix-Workstation, is on a completely isolated network. Only connections through Tor are possible. Whonix joined the list with the release of Alpha 0.4.5, dated October 9, 2012. Whonix VirtualBox 14.0.0.6.6 was released February 6, 2018. Whonix 14 was released August 7, 2018. Whonix KVM 14.0.0.9.6 XFCE was released December 12, 2018. Whonix VirtualBox 14.0.1.4.4 was released March 17, 2019. Whonix KVM 15.0.0.0.9, released April 16, 2019, updates the Whonix base to Debian 10 buster. Whonix 15 was released July 1, 2019. Whonix VirtualBox 15.0.1.9.2 was released June 25, 2021. Whonix KVM 15.0.1.9.3 was released July 9, 2021. Whonix 15.x support ended November 14, 2021. Whonix 16.x is based on Debian 11 bullseye. Whonix 16.0 VirtualBox was released September 10, 2021. Whonix 16.0.3.7 VirtualBox was released November 24, 2021.

  177. Wifislax
    http://www.wifislax.com/
    Wifislax is a Slackware-based live CD with a collection of utilities designed to perform various security and forensics tasks. Wifislax joined the list with the release of version 4.7 (based on Slackware 14.1 - released November 10, 2013). Wifislax 4.11.1 was released July 29, 2015. Wifislax 4.12 was released August 6, 2016. WifiSlax64 2.0 was the current version in May 2020.

    Special Purpose/Mini

    All the distributions listed in this category are specialized for a particular task. Most of them are small, since limiting the functionally can also limit the size. However there are some Special Purpose distributions listed here that are not small.

  178. 4MLinux
    http://4mlinux.com/
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux4m/
    4MLinux is a miniature Linux distribution focusing on four capabilities: Maintenance (system rescue live CD), Multimedia (supports most image, audio and video formats), Miniserver (DNS, FTP, HTTP, MySQL, NFS, Proxy, SMTP, SSH, and Telnet), and Mystery (includes a collection of classic Linux games). 4M joined the list with the release of 4MLinux-3.0-rescue-edition, dated September 16, 2011. 4MLinux 12.0 Allinone Edition was released May 9, 2015. 4MLinux 33.0 was released June 14, 2020. 4MLinux 35.0 was released December 24, 2020. 4MLinux 36.0 was released March 27, 2021. 4MLinux 37.0 was released July 31, 2021. 4MLinux 38.0 was released November 30, 2021.

  179. ABC GNU/Linux
    http://www.ehu.es/AC/ABC.htm
    ABC GNU/Linux is an Ubuntu based distribution for building Beowulf clusters. It can be initated from a live DVD or from a disk installation and can be used to automatically configure other machines in the cluster.

  180. Amazon Linux 2022
    https://aws.amazon.com/linux/amazon-linux-2022
    Amazon Linux 2022 (AL2022) is the next generation of Amazon Linux from Amazon Web Services (AWS). It provides a security focused, stable, and high-performance execution environment to develop and run cloud applications. It uses Fedora as the base and is optimized for Amazon EC2. New major versions will be available every two years and be supported for five years.

  181. Android-x86
    http://www.android-x86.org/
    Android-x86 is a project to port Android to x86 platforms. Android-x86 4.4-RC2 (KitKat-x86) was released May 20, 2014. Android-x86 4.4-r5 (KitKat-x86) was released February 6, 2016. Android-x86 6.0-r3 (Marshmallow-x86) was released April 24, 2017. Android-x86 7.1-r4 (Nougat-x86) was released May 16, 2020. Android-x86 8.1-r6 (Oreo-x86) was released June 23, 2021. Android-x86 9.0-r2 (pie-x86) was released March 25, 2020.

  182. Apertis
    https://wiki.apertis.org/Main_Page
    Apertis is an open source GNU/Linux-based platform for infotainment in automotive vehicles. It uses GNOME libraries and components. It was in active development, with a 3-month release cycle and daily builds, when this entry was added, September 8, 2016. Apertis 2020.0, based on Debian 10 "buster", was released in Q1 of 2020.

  183. APODIO
    http://apodio.org/
    APODIO is a Mandriva based distribution containing audio, text-friendly, graphic and video tools. It can be used as a liveCD or be installed on a partition of your hard disk. Version 4.3.6 was released May 11, 2006. Version 4.3.9 test was released July 28, 2006. APODIO 10.3 was released May 6, 2015. APODIO 12 was released December 2019.

  184. AsteroidOS
    http://asteroidos.org/
    AsteroidOS is an open-source operating system for smartwatches. A developer preview was available when this entry was added, June 28, 2016. Alpha 1.0 was available in January 2017 and supported four types of smartwatches. AsteroidOS 1.0 was released May 15, 2018.

  185. Audiophile Linux
    https://www.ap-linux.com/
    Audiophile (AP) Linux aims to be the best digital music player. Based on Arch Linux, Audiophile uses a custom real time kernel for improved audio processing. AP-Linux V4 was released April 16, 2017. Audiophile Linux V5.0 was released December 20, 2019.

  186. AV Linux
    http://www.bandshed.net/avlinux/
    AV Linux is an Audio/Graphics/Video workstation based on Debian Testing and Xfce. AV Linux 3.0 was a full-featured LiveDVD. It was created using the Debian GNU/Linux Testing branch and Remastersys. Once installed AV Linux transforms the users computer into a full-blown Audio/Video Workstation. Its program selection covers most common everyday computer tasks, including a full complement of the best F/OSS Multimedia Applications available allowing users to enjoy Multitrack Audio Recording and Mixing, Video Capturing, Editing and Converting, DVD Authoring and Creation, iPod Tools and much more. AV Linux also contains Hard Drive utilities making it an excellent troubleshooting and rescue solution. AV Linux joined the list with the release of 3.0R1 (revision 1) dated January 15, 2010. AV Linux 6.0 'The Now' was released August 16, 2012, with an announcement that no further releases were planned. As it happens, AV Linux 6.0.1 was released June 4, 2013. AV Linux 2016 was released March 24, 2016. AVL 2020.5.10 was released May 9, 2020. AV Linux MX Edition, released November 25, 2020, was based on MX Linux 19.3. AVL-MXE 2021.05.22 is out.

  187. Bedrock Linux
    http://bedrocklinux.org/
    Bedrock Linux is a Linux distribution created with the aim of making most of the (often seemingly mutually-exclusive) benefits of various other Linux distributions available simultaneously and transparently. If one would like a rock-solid stable base (for example, from Debian or a RHEL clone) yet still have easy access to cutting-edge packages (from, say, Arch Linux), automate compiling packages with Gentoo's portage, and ensure that software aimed only for the ever popular Ubuntu will run smoothly - all at the same time, in the same distribution - Bedrock Linux will provide a means to achieve this. Bedrock combines the Linux kernel with the Busybox userspace for a lightweight base system. The first alpha version was released August 3, 2012. Bedrock 0.7.3 Poki was released April 14, 2019. Bedrock 0.7.17 was released April 30, 2020.

  188. BG-Rescue Linux
    http://www.giannone.ch/rescue/current/
    BG-Rescue Linux is a very small distribution mainly intended for rescue purposes. Boots from CD/DVD or USB stick and runs in ram. It joined the list at version 0.1.2, released July 12, 2003. Version 7.2.0 was released January 12, 2020. BG-Rescue 8.0 was released June 30, 2020.

  189. BitKey
    https://bitkey.io/
    BitKey is a Debian stable based distribution aimed at Bitcoin users. It is meant to be run from USB drive or CD/DVD where it will run in RAM. It has everything you need to perform highly secure air-gapped Bitcoin transactions. Under the hood it contains a swiss army knife of handy Bitcoin tools that support a wide range of usage models, including a few very secure ones which would otherwise be difficult to perform. BitKey is a side project by the core developers of TurnKey GNU/Linux. The initial release, version 14.1.0, was dated January 20, 2017. BitKey 14.2.0 was released May 22, 2017.

  190. CAELinux
    https://www.caelinux.com/CMS3/index.phpCAElinux
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/caelinux/
    CAELinux aims to create a complete platform for open source engineering development: Computer Aided Design & Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and simulation (CAE, FEA/CFD), electronics design, scientific computing, programming, and mathematical modeling. CAELinux 2020, based on Xubuntu 18.04, was released August 11, 2020.

  191. Chromium OS
    http://www.chromium.org/chromium-os
    Chromium OS is an open-source project that aims to build an operating system that provides a fast, simple, and more secure computing experience for people who spend most of their time on the web. All apps are web apps. The entire experience takes place within the browser and there are no conventional desktop applications. Each app is contained within a security sandbox. The source was first released November 19, 2009.

  192. Clear Linux
    https://clearlinux.org/
    Intel's Clear Linux Project is a distribution built for various Cloud use cases. It aims to be a showcase of the best of Intel Architecture technology and performance, from low-level kernel features to complex applications that span across the entire OS stack. An unversioned release of Clear Linux was dated January 20, 2017.

  193. Clonezilla Live
    https://clonezilla.org/
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/clonezilla/
    The Free Software Lab at the NCHC has combined Debian Live with Clonezilla to produce "Clonezilla Live," a live CD that can be used to easily clone individual machines. The primary benefit of Clonezilla Live is that it eliminates the need to set up a DRBL server ahead of time and the need for the computer being cloned to boot from a network. Clonezilla Live can be used to clone individual computers using a CD/DVD or USB flash drive. Though the image size is limited by the boot media's storage capacity, this problem can be eliminated by using a network filesystem such as sshfs or samba. Clonezilla live 1.2.1-53 (stable) was released April 7, 2009. Clonezilla live 2.7.3-19 (stable) was released August 24, 2021. Clonezilla live 2.8.0-27 (stable) was released November 25, 2021.

  194. CloudLinux OS
    https://www.cloudlinux.com/
    CloudLinux OS is designed for shared hosting providers. It isolates each customer into a separate "Lightweight Virtualized Environment" (LVE), which partitions, allocates, and limits server resources, like memory, CPU, and connections, for each tenant. A commercial offering which you try free for 30 days. On December 10, 2020 CloudLinux announced plans to release a free, open-sourced, community-driven, 1:1 binary compatible fork of RHEL8 (and future releases) in the Q1 of 2021. This fork is called AlmaLinux. AlmaLinux beta was released February 10, 2021. See the entry for AlmaLinux under General Purpose.

  195. Cumulus Linux
    https://cumulusnetworks.com/
    Cumulus Linux allows you to affordably build and efficiently operate your network like the world’s largest data center operators — unlocking vertical network stacks. With Cumulus Linux, customers can run their data center networks the way Google and Facebook have done for years, highly automated, without all the development time or expensive, specialized hardware. Cumulus Linux 3.3 was released May 2, 2017. Cumulus Linux 3.6 was released April 30, 2018.

  196. DebianDog
    https://debiandog.github.io/doglinux/
    DebianDog is a very small Debian Live CD shaped to look and act like Puppy Linux. Debian structure and Debian behaviour are untouched and Debian documentation is 100% valid for DebianDog. You have access to all debian repositories using apt-get or synaptic. There are several Dogs such as DebianDog-Jessie and XenialDog. DebianDog was added to the list February 28, 2017. BusterDog was released November 3, 2019.

  197. Debian-Med
    http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-med/
    Debian-Med is a pure-blend that aims to develop Debian into an operating system that is particularly well fit for the requirements for medical practice and biomedical research. All packages in Debian Med are available in Debian.

  198. distri
    https://distr1.org/
    distri is a proof-of-concept implementation of a simple linux distribution that is still useful. It was created to research fast package management. It is not recommended for anything other than research; it is published in the hope that other, more established distributions, will find some parts of it interesting and decide to integrate those. distri supersilverhaze was released May 16, 2020.

  199. DNALinux
    http://www.dnalinux.com/
    DNA Linux is Ubuntu based with bioinformatics software included. It started out as a live CD based on SLAX, but now it runs in the cloud on AWS EC2. The first public version was 0.13, released January 31, 2004. In May 2020 this is subscription service, making bioinformatics software and biological databases ready to use.

  200. EasyOS
    https://easyos.org/
    EasyOS is an experimental, container friendly distribution, by Puppy Linux creator Barry Kauler. It is built from source with the Woof build system. EasyOS was created in January 2017. EasyOS 1.0.8 was released February 20, 2019. Easy Buster 2.2.16 was released April 6, 2020. EasyOS 2.5 was released November 20, 2020. EasyOS Dunfell 2.7, released April 14, 2021, is compiled from source in a port of OpenEmbedded. EasyOS 2.9 was released September 3, 2021. EasyOS 3.1 was released October 24, 2021.

  201. /e/
    https://e.foundation/products/
    /e/ aims to be a complete, fully "unGoogled", mobile ecosystem. /e/ is forked from LineageOS and it's parent, the AOSP. As of February 2020 /e/ was available for about 90 phones. There are /e/ versions based on Android 7, 8, or 9 depending on the smartphone model.

  202. ELKS
    http://elks.sourceforge.net/
    https://github.com/jbruchon/elks
    ELKS: The Embeddable Linux Kernel Subsystem. ELKS 0.1.0-pre4 was released March 4, 2002. ELKS-0.1.3-pre1 was released July 13, 2003. After a period of inactivity ELKS development started up again in early 2012. ELKS-0.1.4 was released February 19, 2012. ELKS 0.3.0 was released March 14, 2019.

  203. Elive
    http://www.elivecd.org/
    Elive is a live CD based on Debian and featuring the Enlightenment window manager. Elive also supports a hard disk install. Version 0.4.2 was released March 4, 2006. Elive 1.0 was released July 5, 2007. Elive stable "Topaz" 2.0 was released March 3, 2010. Elive stable 3.0.4 was released April 28, 2019. Elive 3.8.24 beta was released October 29, 2021.

  204. Emperor-OS
    http://emperor-os.com/
    Emperor-OS aims to provide a comprehensive set of tools for programming, developing, and data science. It was established in 2020, by Hossein Seilany. Supported desktops include Xfce, KDE Plasma, MATE, LXDE, and OpenBox.

  205. Exherbo
    http://www.exherbo.org/
    https://gitlab.exherbo.org/exherbo
    Exherbo aims to be a stable and flexible distribution for developers, tinkerers and people who need their distribution to help them be productive. It is inspired in many places by Gentoo -- in particular, it supports flexible source-based installation with up-front configuration. It uses the Paludis package manager with a custom built EAPI. Exherbo is a place for developers to experiment. Added to the list May 21, 2008.

  206. Fatdog64
    http://distro.ibiblio.org/fatdog/web/
    Fatdog64 Linux is a small yet versatile 64-bit multi-user Linux distribution. Originally created as a "fatter" (=more built-in applications) derivative of Puppy Linux, Fatdog has grown to become an independent, mature 64-bit Linux distribution while still keeping true to Puppy Linux spirit: small, fast and efficient. The original release of Fatdog64 was April 12, 2008. Fatdog64-630 was released February 11, 2014. Fatdog64-710 was released December 4, 2016. Fatdog64 720 was released December 20, 2017. Fatdog64-810 was released January 17, 2020.

  207. Freedombone
    https://freedombone.net/
    Freedombone is a Debian-based home server system which enables you to self-host email, chat, VoIP, web sites, file synchronisation, wikis, blogs, social networks, media hosting, backups, VPN, and more, all from your place of residence (not a data center). You can run Freedombone on an old laptop or single board computer. Freedombone got its start in 2013. Freedombone 4.0, based on Debian 10 "buster", was released August 5, 2019.

  208. FreePBX
    https://www.freepbx.org/
    FreePBX is a web-based GUI that controls and manages Asterisk (PBX), a communication server. FreePBX can be installed manually or as part of the pre-configured FreePBX distribution that includes the system OS, Asterisk, FreePBX GUI and assorted dependencies. Version 13 was current when this entry was added, March 13, 2017. FreePBX 15 was released February 2020.

  209. GalliumOS
    https://galliumos.org/
    GalliumOS has been carefully optimized for performance and compatibility on Chromebooks and Chromeboxes. The project aims to outperform ChromeOS on the same hardware, while delivering a full Linux environment. GalliumOS 1.0 Beta 1 was released November 11, 2015. GalliumOS 2.1 was released February 28, 2017. GalliumOS 3.1 was released December 22, 2019.

  210. Gargoyle
    http://www.gargoyle-router.com/
    Gargoyle is a free firmware upgrade for many widely available routers such as the WRT54GL and the original La Fonera. Gargoyle 1.3.8 was released November 23, 2010. Gargoyle 1.3.11 was released February 28, 2011. Gargoyle 1.12.0 was released December 3, 2019.

  211. gittup
    http://gittup.org/gittup/
    https://github.com/gittup/gittup
    gittup is most of a Linux distribution in git, built with tup. gittup was added to the list October 11, 2016.

  212. GNU Guix
    http://www.gnu.org/software/guix/
    https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/guix/
    GNU Guix is a purely functional package manager, and associated free software distribution, for the GNU system. It's based on the Nix package manager. In addition to standard package management features, Guix supports transactional upgrades and roll-backs, unprivileged package management, per-user profiles, and garbage collection. A user-land free software distribution for GNU/Linux comes as part of GuixSD. The first alpha release was dated November 22, 2012. GNU Guix and GuixSD 0.16.0 were released December 6, 2018. Guix 1.3.0 was released May 12, 2021.

  213. GoboLinux
    http://www.gobolinux.org/
    GoboLinux is an alternative Linux distribution that redefines the entire filesystem hierarchy. Package management is performed through the directory layout itself by storing each program in its own /Programs/[AppName]/[Version] directory. GoboLinux joined the list at version 007, released on October 25, 2003. GoboLinux 016.01 was released April 4, 2017. GoboLinux 017 was released May 24, 2020.

  214. GParted LiveCD
    http://gparted.org/
    The GParted Live CD puts the power and simplicity of GParted on a business card sized Live CD. The CD aims to be fast, small in size, and use minimal resources to get that disk partitioned the way you want it. GParted LiveCD was originally based on Slackware Linux and Fluxbox window manager. Later versions use Debian unstable as a base. Version 0.1 was released January 12, 2006. GParted Live 0.33.0 was released December 15, 2018. GParted Live 1.3.1-1 was released July 22, 2021.

  215. io GNU/Linux
    http://io.gnu.linux.free.fr/
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/io-gnu-linux/
    io GNU/Linux is a live system that turns almost any computer into a professional multimedia workstation. It includes a real-time enabled kernel and a great collection of free software for all uses (sound, video, graphics, internet and more). It's based on Debian SID (unstable) and built with the Debian Live tools. io 2014.1 was released January 11, 2014. io GNU/Linux 2019.01 was released March 1, 2019.

  216. KDE Neon
    https://neon.kde.org/
    KDE Neon provides the latest KDE software on a solid Ubuntu base. Suitable for KDE developers and early adopters. The first images were released in January 2016. KDE Neon 5.8 was released (with Plasma 5.8) October 4, 2016. Ubuntu 18.04-based Neon was released September 26, 2018. KDE neon 5.18 (with Plasma 5.18 LTS) was released February 11, 2020. KDE neon was rebased to Ubuntu 20.04 August 10, 2020. KDE neon 5.22 (with Plasma 5.22) was released June 9, 2021.

  217. Lakka
    http://www.lakka.tv/
    Lakka is a lightweight Linux distribution that transforms a small computer into a full blown game console. Lakka joined the list with the release of version 2.0, dated April 28, 2017. Lakka 2.3.2 was released January 22, 2020. Lakka 3.0 was released May 22, 2021. Lakka 3.4 was released September 6, 2021. Lakka 3.6 was released November 14, 2021.

  218. LibreELEC
    https://libreelec.tv/
    LibreELEC is a lightweight 'Just enough OS' Linux distribution purpose-built for Kodi on current and popular media-center hardware. It is a fork of the OpenELEC project, started in March 2016. LibreELEC is Kodi oriented but other forks provide the stable JeOS base for Plex Embedded, Lakka, and a number of single-purpose IoT and maker projects. LibreELEC (Krypton) 8.2.1 was released November 21, 2017. LibreELEC (Krypton) 8.2.4 MR was released March 14, 2018. LibreELEC (Leia) 9.0.2 was released May 11, 2019. LibreELEC 9.2.2 was released March 28, 2020. LibreELEC (Matrix) 10.0 was released August 26, 2021.

  219. LinHES
    http://www.linhes.org/
    Formerly known as KnoppMyth, this distribution was a combination of Knoppix and MythTV, providing an easy-to-use TV settop box. KnoppMyth R5F27 was released September 9, 2007. KnoppMyth was renamed LinHES, Linux Home Entertainment System, in 2009. It also switched to an Arch Linux base. LinHES 8.5 was released December 9, 2017. LinHES 8.6 was released March 18, 2019.

  220. LinuxConsole
    http://linuxconsole.org/
    LinuxConsole is a "live" Linux distribution that comes from France. You can boot it from CD, HD, USB, or PXE. There is a "core" ISO image (55MB), with all the drivers (3D and ADSL included) needed to install it or just try it. LinuxConsole joined the list at version 0.4RC2 released March 10, 2004. That version was based on Mandrakelinux 9.1, however later versions are original (not based on another distribution). Version 0.4.5.1 was released September 20, 2004. LinuxConsole 2019 was released December 23, 2019.

  221. LuneOS
    http://webos-ports.org
    LuneOS is a fork of Open webOS. The main focus of LuneOS is to provide a mobile operating system which is driven by the community. The September 1, 2014 release of LuneOS "Affogato" supported the Nexus 4 and HP TouchPad. LuneOS Eggnog Latte was released October 24, 2019.

  222. Mangaka
    https://animesoft.wordpress.com/linux/
    Mangaka is a GNU/Linux system based on Ubuntu and Debian. It’s especially developed for the specific needs of the anime and manga community from Japan and world wide, including by default professional free software for fansubbing, web browsing, multimedia playback and 2D graphical creations as well codecs, java and flash out-of-the-box. Mangaka joined the list with the release of Linux Mangaka Nyu (Beta), dated June 6, 2015. Linux Mangaka Nyu (Final) was released June 21, 2015. Linux Mangaka Cho was released June 23, 2016. Linux Mangaka Aio beta was released December 28, 2019.

  223. Maru OS
    http://maruos.com/
    Maru works on your phone and transitions to a Debian desktop when plugged into a monitor via HDMI. A bluetooth mouse and keyboard can be used in desktop mode. The phone runs independently of the desktop so you can take a call and work on your big screen at the same time. The initial beta release of Maru was based on Android Lollipop. Maru was released open source February 11, 2016 and is still in the early stages of becoming a collaborative project. Maru OS 0.3 was released November 3, 2016. Maru OS 0.6 Okinawa, released March 6, 2019, uses Android 8.1 Oreo, LineageOS, and Debian 9 stretch under the hood. Maru 0.6.8 was released October 7, 2019.

  224. NimbleX
    http://nimblex.net/
    https://github.com/NimbleX/nimblex
    NimbleX is a small but versatile operating system which is able to boot from a small 8 cm CD, from flash memory like USB pens or MP3 players and even from the network. Because it runs entirely from a CD, USB or network it doesn't require installation or even much hardware. NimbleX is based on Slackware with the use of linux-live scripts. NimbleX 2007 was released December 25, 2006. NimbleX 2007v2 was released April 25, 2007. Custom NimbleX allows you to generate a customized Linux distribution. Custom NimbleX 2 RC1 was released August 3, 2007. NimbleX 2007 v2 now comes in a sub100MB Edition. An updated sub100 was released September 28, 2007. NimbleX 2008 was released July 22, 2008. NimbleX 2010 Beta was released April 29, 2010. Latest commits were made January 9, 2019.

  225. NixOS
    http://nixos.org/
    NixOS is a Linux distribution based on Nix, a purely functional package management system. NixOS is an experiment to see if an operating system can be built in which software packages, configuration files, boot scripts and the like are all managed in a purely functional way. That is, they are all built by deterministic functions and they never change after they have been built. NixOS is continuously built from source in Hydra, the Nix-based continuous build system. Entry added May 26, 2009. In January 2013 NixOS switched from Upstart to systemd. Nix 1.5.2 was released May 13, 2013. Nix 2.1 was released September 2, 2018. NixOS 18.09 "Jellyfish" was released October 5, 2018. NixOS 19.09 "Loris" was released October 9, 2019. NixOS 20.03 "Markhor" was released April 20, 2020. NixOS 20.09 "Nightingale" was released October 27, 2020. NixOS 2021.05 "Okapi" was released June 1, 2021. NixOS 21.11 was released November 30, 2021.

  226. OpenELEC
    http://www.openelec.tv/
    Open Embedded Linux Entertainment Center, or OpenELEC for short, is a small Linux distribution built from scratch as a platform to turn your computer into a complete XBMC (Kodi) media center. OpenELEC is designed to make your system boot as fast as possible and the install easily so that anyone can turn a blank PC into a media machine in less than 15 minutes. OpenELEC 1.0 was released October 20, 2011. OpenELEC 8.0 was released April 9, 2017. OpenELEC 8.0.4 was current May 2020.

  227. OpenMediaVault
    http://www.openmediavault.org/
    http://sourceforge.net/apps/mediawiki/openmediavault/index.php
    OpenMediaVault is the next generation network attached storage (NAS) solution based on Debian Linux. It contains services like SSH, (S)FTP, SMB/CIFS, DAAP media server, RSync, BitTorrent client and many more. Thanks to the modular design of the framework it can be enhanced via plugins. OpenMediaVault is primarily designed to be used in home environments or small home offices, but is not limited to those scenarios. It is a simple and easy to use out-of-the-box solution that will allow everyone to install and administrate a Network Attached Storage without deeper knowledge. The initial release was v0.2, dated October 17, 2011. OMV 5.3.9, based on Debian 10 (buster), was released March 25, 2020.

  228. OpenWrt
    http://openwrt.org/
    OpenWrt started out in 2003 as a Linux distribution for the Linksys WRT54G. Instead of trying to cram every possible feature into one firmware, OpenWrt provides only a minimal firmware with support for add-on packages. For users this means the ability to custom tune features, removing unwanted packages to make room for other packages and for developers this means being able to focus on packages without having to test and release an entire firmware. WhiteRussian 0.9 was released February 3, 2007. OpenWrt Backfire 10.03.1 was released December 21, 2011. OpenWrt Attitude Adjustment 12.09 was released April 25, 2013. OpenWrt "Barrier Breaker" 14.07 was released October 2, 2014. OpenWrt "Chaos Calmer" 15.05.1 was released March 16, 2016. OpenWrt merged with LEDE in January 2018. OpenWrt 15.05 received limited support, while the LEDE 17.01 series was the most up-to-date. OpenWrt/LEDE 17.01.5 "Reboot" was released July 17, 2018. OpenWrt 18.06.9 was released December 10, 2020. This is the last release in the 18.06 series. OpenWrt 19.07.5 was released December 10, 2020. OpenWrt 21.02.0 was released September 5, 2021.

  229. Oryx Linux
    http://oryx-linux.org/
    Oryx Linux is an embedded Linux distribution built on top of OpenEmbedded and the Yocto Project. It incorporates a lightweight container runtime engine to bring the benefits of containerisation to the embedded sector without disrupting existing developer workflows. Togán Labs provides commercial support for Oryx. Oryx Linux 0.2.0 was released July 5, 2017. Oryx Linux 0.4.0 was current as of April 2020.

  230. OSGeoLive
    http://live.osgeo.org
    OSGeoLive is a self-contained bootable [DVD, USB, VM] based on Lubuntu, that allows you to try a wide variety of open source geospatial software. OSGeo-Live 11.0 was released August 9, 2017. OSGeoLive 12.0 was released September 11, 2018. OSGeoLive 13.0 was released September 5, 2019. OSGeoLive 14.0 was released May 25, 2021.

  231. OSMC
    https://osmc.tv/
    OSMC (Open Source Media Center) is a free and open source media player based on Debian and Kodi. Founded in 2014, OSMC lets you play back media from your local network, attached storage and the Internet. OSMC releases regular updates, based on Debian stable, with newer versions of Kodi.

  232. OviOS
    https://sourceforge.net/projects/ovios/
    OviOS is an open source storage OS based on the Linux kernel and includes opensource software needed to create a fully functional, highly performant storage server. OviOS joined the list with the release of version 3.0, dated December 30, 2018. OviOS 3.11 was released June 1, 2021.

  233. Parted Magic
    http://partedmagic.com/
    Parted Magic is a Linux LiveCD/USB/PXE with its elemental purpose being to partition hard drives. Optimized at approximately 30MB, the Parted Magic OS employs core programs of GParted and Parted to handle partitioning tasks with ease, while featuring other useful programs (e.g. Partition Image, TestDisk, fdisk, sfdisk, dd, ddrescue, etc.) and an excellent set of documentation to benefit the user. An extensive collection of fileystem tools are also included, as Parted Magic supports the following: ext2, ext3, ext4, fat16, fat32, hfs, hfs+, jfs, linux-swap, ntfs, reiserfs, reiser4, and xfs. Parted Magic 2.2 was released May 7, 2008. Parted Magic 6.7 was released September 2, 2011. Parted Magic 2021_05_12 is out.

  234. Pentoo
    http://www.pentoo.ch/
    Pentoo is a Linux LiveCD, based on Gentoo, with a focus on penetration testing. The current version was 2005.1 when Pentoo was added to this list on June 1, 2005. Mini-Pentoo 2006.1 was released July 5, 2006. Pentoo 2020.0 was the current version in May 2020.

  235. Plop Linux
    http://www.plop.at/
    Plop Linux is a small distribution that can boot from CD, DVD, USB flash drive (UFD), USB harddisk or from network with PXE. It's designed to rescue data from a damaged system, backup and restore operating systems, automate tasks and more. Plop 4.1.2 was released August 9, 2011. PlopKexec 1.4.1 was released August 13, 2016. Plop 4.3.4 was released February 17, 2018. Plop 19.4 was released October 1, 2019.

  236. postmarketOS
    https://postmarketos.org/
    https://github.com/postmarketOS/
    postmarketOS is based on Alpine Linux and aimed at creating a sustainable, privacy and security focused free software mobile OS. postmarketOS was very much a work in progress when this entry was added May 30, 2017. As of February 2020, postmarketOS boots on over 150 devices; a few are completely usable, but calls don't work on most phones. The PinePhone postmarketOS community edition was released June 15, 2020. PostmarketOS 21.03 (beta) was released March 31, 2021.

  237. Proxmox
    http://www.proxmox.com/en/
    Proxmox Server Solutions GmbH provides Proxmox Virtual Environment and Proxmox Mail Gateway, as well as support services and training. Proxmox Mail Gateway 4.0 was released January 20, 2015. Proxmox VE 4.0 was released October 6, 2015. Proxmox VE 6.3 was released November 26, 2020. Proxmox Mail Gateway 6.4 was released March 29, 2020. Proxmox Backup Server 1.1 was released April 15, 2021. Proxmox VE 7.0 was released July 6, 2021. Proxmox VE 7.1, based on Debian 11.1 "Bullseye", was released November 17, 2021.

  238. Puppy Linux
    http://www.puppylinux.org/
    Puppy Linux Family Tree
    Puppy Linux is a very small, yet quite fully featured distribution that uses the Woof build system. There are many puplets created by members of the Puppy community; some use Slackware or Ubuntu as a base. Puppy 0.7.6 was released May 11, 2003. BionicPup64 was released March 14, 2019. BionicPup32 was released May 8, 2020. Puppy Eoan Ermine was released January 10, 2020. FossaPup64 9.5 was released September 21, 2020. Slacko64 Puppy 7.0 was released January 4, 2021.

  239. RancherOS
    http://rancher.com/rancher-os/
    RancherOS is a minimalist Linux distribution for running Docker containers. It was added to the list June 27, 2016. RancherOS 0.5.0 was released August 12, 2016. RancherOS 1.0.0 was released April 12, 2017. RancherOS 1.5.5 was released December 30, 2019.

  240. Raspberry Slideshow
    http://www.binaryemotions.com/digital-signage/raspberry-slideshow
    Raspberry Slideshow is an operating system for the Raspberry Pi focused on image and video slideshows. It plays all media contained in a USB key, fetched from a Windows (Samba) share, from a Webserver or FTP server. The operating system can refresh the media list at given intervals as well, in order to slide images and videos according to remote changements. Raspberry Slideshow joined the list with the release of Raspbian Stretch-based 10.0, November 20, 2017. Raspberry Slideshow 13.0 was released January 12, 2020.

  241. Raspbian
    http://www.raspbian.org/
    Raspbian is a Debian-based distribution optimized for the Raspberry Pi hardware. Raspbian provides more than a pure OS: it comes with over 35,000 packages, pre-compiled software bundled in a nice format for easy installation on your Raspberry Pi. Raspbian joined the list July 23, 2012. Debian "Jessie" based Raspbian 2017-06-21 is out. Raspbian "Stretch" was released August 17, 2017. Raspbian 2018-11-13 is out. Raspbian for the Raspberry Pi 4, released June 24, 2019, is based on Debian "Buster". Rebranded Raspberry Pi OS with the 2020-05-29 (beta) release. Raspberry Pi OS 2021-10-30, announced November 8, 2021, is based on Debian Bullseye.

  242. RebeccaBlackOS
    http://sourceforge.net/projects/rebeccablackos/
    RebeccaBlackOS showcases Wayland and Weston. This entry was added to the list May 24, 2013. RebeccaBlackLinux_i386.iso and RebeccaBlackLinux_Reduced_i386.iso were released September 1, 2013. ISOs (based on Ubuntu 14.10 and Wayland/Weston 1.6+) were released October 27, 2014. ISO images based on Debian-testing using SVN Revision 4086 were released February 8, 2016. ISOs with Wayland desktops; KDE, Gnome, Enlightenment, Orbital, Hawaii, Orbment, and Sway were released October 10, 2016. RebeccaBlackOS 2019-05-06 was released May 6, 2019. RebeccaBlackOS 2020-05-20 is out.

  243. Redo Rescue
    http://redorescue.com/
    https://github.com/redorescue/redorescue
    Redo Rescue (also known as Redo Backup) is a live CD/USB system that creates and restores snapshots of your system. Restore the image, even to a new blank drive, and recover in minutes from ransomware and viruses, deletions, hardware damage, and hackers. Redo Rescue 3.0, based on Debian 10 buster, was released October 15, 2020. Redo Rescue 4.0, based on Debian 11 bullseye, beta was released October 9, 2021.

  244. Rescatux
    http://www.supergrubdisk.org/
    Rescatux is a GNU/Linux rescue cd that comes with Rescapp. Rescapp is a nice wizard that will guide you through your rescue tasks. Super Grub2 Disk is included. Rescatux joined the list with the release of v0.30.2, dated November 20, 2012. Super Grub2 Disk 2.00s2 was released May 18, 2014. Rescatux 0.73 was released April 2, 2020. Super Grub2 Disk 2.04s1 was released August 26, 2019. Super Grub2 Disk 2.04s2-beta2 was released September 8, 2019. Rescatux 0.74 was released November 14, 2021.

  245. Rescuezilla
    https://rescuezilla.com/
    https://github.com/rescuezilla/rescuezilla
    Rescuezilla is designed for easy backup, recovery, and bare metal restore. It runs as a live USB and can be used on any system. Rescuezilla 1.0.6 was released June 17, 2020. Rescuezilla 2.0 was released October 14, 2020. Rescuezilla 2.1 was released December 14, 2020. Rescuezilla 2.2 was released June 4, 2021. Rescuezilla 2.3 was released December 24, 2021.

  246. Rocks Cluster Distribution
    http://www.rocksclusters.org/
    Rocks Cluster emphasizes ease of management, configurability and security in clusters. An early version was based on Red Hat Linux 7.3. Rocks is now based on CentOS release 4/update 5 and all updates as of July 4, 2007. Rocks 4.0.0 (Whitney) was released June 7, 2005 with support for Athlon, Itanium, Nocona (EM64T), Opteron, and Pentium. Rocks 6.2 (Sidewinder) was based on CentOS 6.6 and released May 11, 2015 for 64-bit only. Rocks 7 was released December 1, 2017.

  247. Rockstor
    http://rockstor.com/
    Rockstor is a Linux and btrfs powered NAS and Cloud storage server system. Rockstor offers Personal Cloud Server, SMB Cloud Server, and Traditional NAS server. Rockstor joined the list with the release of Rockstor 3.8-10, dated December 11, 2015. Rockstor 3.9.2-57 was released April 19, 2020.

  248. Sailfish OS
    https://sailfishos.org/
    Sailfish OS is a descendant of Maemo/MeeGo/Mer. It's made by the Finnish company, Jolla for use in smart phones and other mobile devices. This entry was added November 22, 2012 with the initial announcement of Sailfish. Sailfish 1.0 was released February 21, 2014. Sailfish OS 2.0 was released March 2, 2015. Sailfish OS 2.1.4 was released February 20, 2018. Sailfish OS 2.2.1 was released September 11, 2018. Sailfish OS 3 was introduced in February 2018. Sailfish OS 3.0.3 "Hossa" was released May 7, 2019. Sailfish OS 3.1 "Seitseminen" was released July 25, 2019. Sailfish OS 3.2.1 "Nuuksio" was released December 20, 2019. Sailfish OS 3.4 Pallas-Yllästunturi was released October 13, 2020. Sailfish OS 4.1.0 Kvarken was released May 12, 2021. Sailfish OS 4.2.0 Verla was released September 16, 2021. Sailfish OS 4.3.0 Suomenlinna was released November 10, 2021.

  249. Scyld Beowulf
    https://www.penguincomputing.com/
    Penguin Computing developed Scyld Beowulf, the original cluster virtualization platform, created by Donald Becker, for Linux 2.4.X-based HPC clusters. Penguin Computing continues to provide Scyld products, such as Scyld ClusterWare and Scyld Insight for infrastructure monitoring.

  250. SELKS
    https://www.stamus-networks.com/open-source/#selks
    https://github.com/StamusNetworks/SELKS
    SELKS is both Live and installable ISO based on Debian implementing a ready to use Suricata IDS/IPS. The name comes from its major components: Suricata Elasticsearch Logstash Kibana Scirius. After starting or installing SELKS, you get a running Suricata with IDPS and NSM capabilities, Kibana to analyse alert and events and Scirius to configure the Suricata ruleset. The first public release, SELKS 1.0 beta1, was announced May 27, 2014. SELKS 1.0 was released October 16, 2014. SELKS 3.0 was released August 12, 2016. SELKS 5 was current and SELKS 6 RC1 were available in May 2020.

  251. SliTaz GNULinux
    http://www.slitaz.org/
    SliTaz is a very small desktop system that runs from live CD or live USB. SliTaz v1.0 was the first stable version to be released, after two years of development. This version, released March 22, 2008, weighed in at under 25Mb using light-weight packages like the JWM window manager and the lighttpd web server. Cooking is the SliTaz development branch and new Cooking betas are usually available monthly. SliTaz 3.0 was released March 28, 2010. SliTaz 4.0 was released April 10, 2012. SliTaz Raspberry Pi was released March 29, 2014. SliTaz 5.0 Rolling has weekly releases (updated May 23, 2020).

  252. snakeware
    https://github.com/joshiemoore/snakeware
    snakeware is a distribution with a Python userspace inspired by the Commodore 64. You are booted directly into a Python interpreter, which you can use to do whatever you want with your computer. The idea is that a Python OS would be fun to use and very easy to contribute to. Even relative beginners might be able to find ways to meaningfully contribute apps and other code to this distribution. The project was launched in late May 2020.


  253. https://sourceforge.net/projects/snallinux/Snal Linux
    Snal Linux is Simple, Networked, and Live Linux. It is based on Arch Linux, features the i3 window manager. Firefox and many network and filesystem utilities are included in a small package. It is intended to be used as a live image to troubleshoot hard disk, system, and network problems. Snal Linux 1.0 was released October 26, 2020.

  254. SuperGamer
    https://www.supergamer.x10host.com/
    SuperGamer is a live DVD with lots of games. While older versions included games that were open source and demos, the newest release does not. You can easily install Steam, GOG Games, and The Humble Bundle to customize your gaming computer. It was originally based on PCLinuxOS, later moved to a VectorLinux base. Newer releases are based on Ubuntu. A test release of SuperGamer-VL was announced June 29, 2007. SuperGamer 5, released January 11, 2020, was based on Xfce, Ubuntu 19.10, and Linux Lite. SuperGamer 6, released June 2, 2020, was based on Ubuntu 20.04.

  255. SystemRescue
    https://www.system-rescue.org/
    SystemRescue (formerly SystemRescueCd) is a rescue toolkit available as a bootable medium for administrating or repairing your system and data after a crash. It also aims to provide an easy way to carry out admin tasks on your computer, such as creating and editing the partitions of the hard disk and other tasks. It supports several file systems and can be used to rescue Windows systems as well as Linux. SystemRescueCd was based on the Gentoo LiveCd when it joined the list with the release of version 0.3.3 on March 1, 2007. SystemRescueCD switched to an Arch Linux base (and dropped 32bit support) with the release of version 6.0 on February 2, 2019. SystemRescueCd 6.1.4 was released May 22, 2020. Renamed SystemRescue with the 7.0 release, dated October 17, 2020. SystemRescue 8.0 was released March 6, 2021.

  256. T2
    https://t2sde.org/
    T2 is a System Development Environment or Distribution Build Kit for the creation of custom distributions. T2 20.10 was released December 3, 2020. T2 21.5 was released May 16, 2021, with 18 architectures pre- and cross-compiled. T2 21.7 was released July 8, 2021.

  257. ThinStation
    http://thinstation.sourceforge.net/
    ThinStation is a Linux distribution that enables you to convert standard PCs into full-featured diskless thinclients supporting all major connectivity protocols. It can be booted from the network using Etherboot/PXE or from standard media like floppy/CD/hd/flash-disk etc. The configuration is centralized to simpliy terminal management. The initial Freshmeat release was on May 15, 2003, version 0.91. Version 2.2 was released October 17, 2006. Thinstation 5.0, the sucessor to v2.2.2, is based on Crux 2.7 but the user front end is much like it was before. Version 5.0 was released February 10, 2012. ThinStation 6.2.4 was released February 21, 2020.

  258. Tiny Core Linux
    http://tinycorelinux.net/
    Tiny Core Linux started out as a very small (10 MB) minimal Linux Desktop. Version 1.2 was based on Linux 2.6 kernel, Busybox, Tiny X, Fltk, and Jwm. That was when Tiny Core joined the list on March 16, 2009. Tiny Core 4.2, released December 26, 2011, refactored Tiny Core to be highly modular to provide a foundation for user created extensions, and introduced CorePlus. The Core Project has evolved into a highly modular based system with community built extensions. Core (11MB) is the foundation for user created desktops, servers, or appliances. Tiny Core adds additional packages to become a 16MB FLTK/FLWM desktop. CorePlus ofers a simple way to get started using the Core philosophy with its included community packaged extensions enabling easy embedded, frugal, or pendrive installation. Tiny Core 12.0 was released February 17, 2021.

  259. Tizen
    https://www.tizen.org/
    Tizen has its roots in MeeGo and LiMo. The project was announced on September 27, 2011, to be directed by Samsung and Intel. Tizen runs under the hood of many Samsung products. Tizen 1.0 Larkspur was released April 30, 2012. Tizen 2.0 Magnolia was released February 19, 2013. Tizen 2.2.1 was released November 8, 2013. Tizen Common Milestone 3.0.2014.Q3 was released November 4, 2014. Tizen-Common Q1 2015 was released June 30, 2015. Tizen 3.0 started shipping on some Samsung phones in May 2017. Tizen 6.0 Milestone 2 was released October 27, 2020.

  260. TurnKey Linux
    http://www.turnkeylinux.org/
    TurnKey Linux provides a set of software appliances. Appliances are currently available as a single bootable ISO image that can run on real hardware in addition to most types of virtual machines. Each TurnKey appliance is different, but they are all carefully built from the ground up with the minimum components needed to serve a specific role. Available appliances include LAMP, LAPP, Joomla, Drupal, MediaWiki, and more. TurnKey was added to the list December 15, 2008. Debian Squeeze based TurnKey Core 12.0 was released August 30, 2012. TurnKey 12.1 was released June 6, 2013. TurnKey 13.0 was released November 20, 2013. TurnKey 14.1 was released April 15, 2016. TurnKey 15.0 was released July 27, 2018. TurnKey 16.0 was released May 4, 2020.

  261. UBOS
    http://ubos.net/
    UBOS aims to make it 10x easier to run server-side apps for yourself, or for your family, on hardware you own. It is available for Raspberry Pi, x86_64 PCs, and as a VirtualBox image. The first beta was released November 24, 2014. UBOS beta 13 was released March 3, 2018. UBOS beta 14 was released April 28, 2018. This is now based on Arch, rolling with regular updates. UBOS 2020-02-17 was current in May 2020.

  262. VyOS
    https://vyos.io/
    VyOS is a community fork of Vyatta, a Linux-based network operating system that provides software-based network routing, firewall, and VPN functionality. VyOS joined the list with the 1.1.0 release, dated October 9, 2014. VyOS 1.2.2 LTS was released July 15, 2019. VyOS 1.2.3-epa1 ("early production access") was released September 5, 2019. VyOS 1.2.3 became generally available September 23, 2019. VyOS will offer rolling release builds based on Debian 10 Buster as development on the 1.3.x LTS release progresses. VyOS 1.2.5 was released April 14, 2020. VyOS 1.2.8 LTS was released July 6, 2021. VyOS 1.3.0 LTS was released December 21, 2021.

  263. Webconverger
    http://webconverger.com/
    https://github.com/Webconverger/webc
    Webconverger uses Debian Live technology to provide a Web platform for kiosks, thin clients, or anywhere else you want a secure, dedicated web browser. It runs from a live CD or USB device. A hard drive install option will probably be available in the future. The maxi version of Webconverger has good support for CJK languages, such as Korean. This entry was added to the list April 23, 2008 when the latest version was Webconverger 3 beta with Firefox 3 beta. Webconverger 35.1 was released May 19, 2016. As of June 2020 this appears to be based on Debian 9.2. There was a dist-upgrade June 1, 2019.

  264. webOS
    http://webosose.org/
    webOS is a web-centric and usability-focused software platform for smart devices. The operating system has evolved, passing through its journey from Palm to HP, and most recently to LG Electronics. webOS became an open-source project, named webOS Open Source Edition (OSE), in March 2018. webOS OSE 2.5.0 was released May 12, 2020. webOS OSE 2.10.0 was released April 2, 2021.

  265. Zenwalk
    http://www.zenwalk.org/
    Zenwalk was formerly known as Minislack, a lightweight Slackware derivative. Zenwalk Linux focuses on Internet applications, multimedia and coding tools. The first Zenwalk release, v1.2, was released August 12, 2005. The first ZenLive Linux LiveCD was released June 30, 2006. Zenwalk 7.4 was released February 13, 2014. Zenwalk Live 7.4 was released April 28, 2014. Zenwalk 8.0 was released July 2, 2016. Zenwalk 220217 was released February 22, 2017. Zenwalk 2019-06-02 is out. Zenwalk 15.0-20200701 was released July 2, 2020.

  266. Zeroshell
    http://www.zeroshell.org
    Zeroshell is a Linux distribution aimed at providing the main network services a LAN requires. It uses Netfilter and Linux iptables for firewalling. It runs from a live CD or bootable compact flash. Zeroshell 1.0.beta4 was released February 18, 2007. Zeroshell 1.0.beta16 was released September 10, 2011. Zeroshell 3.9.5 was released January 16, 2021. On April 18, 2021 the project announced an end of life. Security updates will be released until September 30, 2021. The zeroshell.org domain will be decommissioned or sold on September 30, 2021.

  267. Zevenet
    https://www.zevenet.com/products/community/
    Zevenet is a load balancer and application delivery system based on Debian. The Zevenet platform provides HTTP and HTTPS connections for web applications as well as load balancing services for TCP and UDP traffic. Zevenet CE 5.10 was released October 9, 2019. Zevenet CE 5.11 was released May 13, 2020.

    Floppy-based

  268. Fli4l (Floppy ISDN/DSL)
    http://www.fli4l.de/
    Fli4l "the on(e)-disk-router" is a single floppy Linux-based ISDN, DSL and Ethernet-Router. You can build it from an old 486 based pc with 16 megabyte memory, which is more than adequate for this purpose. Stable version 2.0.8 was released April 27, 2003, adding the ability to install and boot from a USB memory stick or DiscOnChip. Development version 3.1.1 was released September 9, 2006. fli4l 3.10.19 was released February 2, 2020.

    CD-based

    Some of these are for system rescue tasks. Some are full featured distributions (on a single CD) that can run anywhere, school labs, Internet cafes, on a Windows system where ever you are. Note that this category is somewhat outdated. Many of these distributions are available as DVD and USB images and some support a hard disk install.

  269. Finnix
    http://www.finnix.org/
    Finnix is a self-contained, bootable Linux CD distribution for system administrators. You can mount hard drives, set up network devices, repair filesystems, and pretty much do anything you can do with a regular server distribution. Finnix is not intended for the average desktop user, and does not include any desktops, productivity tools, or sound support, in order to keep distribution size low. The project started in 1999. Finnix 86.0 was released October 24, 2005. Finnix 111 was released June 4, 2015. After a 5 year hiatus Finnix 120 was released May 14, 2020, updating the base to Debian 10.4 Buster. Finnix 121, based on Debian testing "bullseye", was released August 10, 2020. Finnix 122 was released February 9, 2021. Finnix 123 was released September 6, 2021.

  270. GRML
    http://grml.org/
    grml is a live CD based on Knoppix and Debian with a collection of GNU/Linux software for system administrators. It provides automatic hardware detection and can be used for system rescue, for analyzing systems/networks or as a working environment. GRML version 0.4 (Eierspass) was released May 15, 2005. A smaller version, grml-small, fits on a business card CD-ROM or USB device. The initial version of grml-small, 0.1, was released July 5, 2005. grml 2008.11 (all flavors) was released December 1, 2008. grml-live v0.15.0 was released July 8, 2011. Grml 2014.11 "Gschistigschasti" was released November 17, 2014. Grml 2017.05 "Freedatensuppe" was released June 14, 2017. Grml 2018.12 "Gnackwatschn" was released December 31, 2018. Grml 2020.06 "Ausgehfuahangl" was released June 24, 2020. Grml 2021.07 "JauKerl" was released July 26, 2021.

  271. KANOTIX
    http://kanotix.com/
    KANOTIX is a KNOPPIX based live CD using mostly Debian sid packages optimized for i586. Also available for x86-64. KANOTIX "BUG HUNTER" 08-2004 was announced September 20, 2004. KANOTIX 2006 Preview, CeBIT-Version, was released March 10, 2006. KANOTX 2006-01-RC4 is available for testing. After years of chasing Debian unstable (sid), KANOTIX has shifted to a more stable base. Debian Etch based Kanotix 2007 (Thorhammer) RC7 was released January 1, 2008. Debian Lenny based Kanotix 2010 Excalibur was relased June 9, 2010. Kanotix 2011-05 Hellfire (based on Debian Squeeze) was released May 11, 2011. Kanotix Dragonfire (Wheezy-based) was released May 23, 2013 at LinuxTag 2013 in Berlin. KANOTIX Sliverfire Extra 2020, based on Debian 10 "buster", was released April 12, 2020.

  272. Linux Live
    http://www.linux-live.org/
    https://github.com/Tomas-M/linux-live
    Linux Live is a set of bash scripts which allows users to create their own live CD from any Linux distribution. It joins the list at version 3.0.27, released January 21, 2004. Version 5.1.8 was released September 26, 2005. Linux Live 6.2.9 was released November 26, 2008. As of August 2013 the project remains active, with no formal releases. As of May 2020 the project remains active, with no formal releases.

  273. Porteus
    http://porteus.org/
    Porteus is a portable/live media Linux OS, based on Slackware and Linux Live Scripts which have been heavily modified by chief maintainer Fanthom. In essence, Porteus is a portable Slackware which started out as Fanthom keeping the Slax OS up to date as a community remix project. Unlike a standard linux install, Porteus exists in a compressed state on the portable drive. It has no /root /bin /etc file structure on the portable device itself, rather this is created on the fly during the boot process, which only takes around 20-30 seconds on a relatively new computer. It is modular in design which means extra software comes in the form of 'modules' which can be activated and injected into the live file system. It does not need to be installed and uninstalled as you may expect with other operating systems which takes numerous amounts of clicks and agreements. Porteus joined the list with the release of version 1.0 rc2 x86_64, dated May 7, 2011. Porteus 1.0 was released June 20, 2011. Porteus 3.2.2 was released December 29, 2016. Porteus Kiosk 4.9.0 was released September 16, 2019. Porteus Kiosk 5.1.0 was released October 12, 2020. Porteus Kiosk 5.2.0 was released March 22, 2021. Porteus Kiosk 5.3.0 was released October 18, 2021.

  274. SLAX-Live CD
    http://slax.org/
    SLAX-Live CD is a bootable live CD based on Slackware Linux distribution. All the scripts and source code are included to build your own live CD, or just download the ISO image. Version 2.9.0.22 was released September 22, 2003. Version 5.1.6 was released May 23, 2006. Version 5.1.7 Standard edition was released July 22, 2006. SLAX 5.1.8 was released October 9, 2006. Slax 6.x has a Slackware 12.0 base. Slax 6.1.2 was released August 4, 2009. After a period of dormancy Slax development was restarted August 2012. Slax 7.0 KDE preview was released October 21, 2012. Slax 7.0.6 was released March 14, 2013. After a long hiatus, a new Debian-based Slax 9.2.1 was released November 16, 2017. Slax 9.11.0, based on Debian 9 Jessie, was released September 14, 2019.

    Hardware-specific

    Apple Silicon

  275. Asahi Linux
    https://asahilinux.org/
    Asahi Linux is a project and community with the goal of porting Linux to Apple Silicon Macs, starting with the 2020 M1 Mac Mini, MacBook Air, and MacBook Pro. The first Progress Report was released March 11, 2021. Progress report: August 2021.

    ARM

  276. Arch Linux ARM
    http://archlinuxarm.org/
    Arch Linux ARM provides targeted kernel and software support for soft-float ARMv5te, hard-float ARMv6 and ARMv7, and ARMv8 (AArch64) instruction sets on a variety of consumer devices and development platforms. Our collaboration with Arch Linux brings users the best platform, newest packages, and installation support. It follows the rolling release model. Arch Linux ARM joined the list December 22, 2015. Still rolling along in May 2020.

    XO

  277. XO Software
    http://wiki.laptop.org/go/The_OLPC_Wiki
    XO Software is a Fedora-based system developed for the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) project. The XO and its software is designed specifically for the educational benefit of children in the developing world. XO Software Release 8.2.0 became available October 15, 2008. Stable 10.1.3 was release January 16, 2011. OLPC OS 11.2.0 (based on Fedora 14) and XO-1.75 were released July 26, 2011. OLPC OS 11.3.0 was released November 1, 2011. OLPC OS 12.1.0 was released August 31, 2012. OLPC OS 13.2.8 was released December 12, 2016. OLPC OS 13.2.10 (for XO-1, XO-1.5, XO-1.75, and XO-4) was released December 29, 2018. OLPC OS 13.2.11 was released January 29, 2020.

    Diskless Terminal

  278. LTSP
    http://www.ltsp.org/
    https://github.com/ltsp/ltsp
    The Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) is all about running thin client computers in a GNU/Linux environment. Version 3.0 was announced January 7, 2002. LTSP 4.1.1 was released April 19, 2005. Best Of Show at the 2005 Linux World Conference and Expo in San Francisco. LTSP-5 packages are available for Debian, Ubuntu and other distributions since March 2007. LTSP was redesigned and rewritten as part of a GSoC in 2019. LTSP 19.08 was released August 18, 2019.