Portal:Film

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Man working with a movie projector in a movie theater, 1958

A film, movie, or motion picture is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, synchronized with sound and sometimes using other sensory stimuli.

Films are produced by recording actual people and objects with cameras or by creating them using animation techniques and special effects. They comprise a series of individual frames, but when these images are shown rapidly in succession, the illusion of motion is given to the viewer. Flickering between frames is not seen due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. Also of relevance is what causes the perception of motion: a psychological effect identified as beta movement. (Full article...)

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Alien Autopsy may refer to:

Alien Autopsy (1995 film), a 1995 pseudo-documentary containing grainy black and white footage of a hoaxed alien autopsy
Alien Autopsy (2006 film), a 2006 comedy film centered around the hoaxed alien autopsy (Portal:Film/Featured content)

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Image 1Poster for a Biograph Studios release from 1913 (from Film industry)
Image 2Maria Germanova in Anna Karenina (1914) (from Film industry)
Image 3Insert shot in Old Wives for New (Cecil B. DeMille, 1918) (from History of film)
Image 4Charlie Chaplin (from History of film)
Image 5A frame from the Lumière brothers staged comedy film, L'Arroseur Arrosé (1895) (from History of film)
Image 6Cinema admissions in 1995 (from History of film)
Image 7GIF animation from retouched pictures of The Horse in Motion by Eadweard Muybridge (1879). (from History of film technology)
Image 8A surviving two-color-component image from the first Technicolor feature film, The Gulf Between (1917) (from History of film technology)
Image 9The Babelsberg Studio near Berlin was the first large-scale film studio in the world (founded 1912) and the forerunner to Hollywood. It still produces global blockbusters every year. (from Film industry)
Image 10Max Skladanowsky (right) in 1934 with his brother Eugen and the Bioscop (from History of film technology)
Image 11Nestor studio, 1911 (from Film industry)
Image 12Original script from the 1989 film Batman (from History of film)
Image 13
The Pathé Brothers, by Adrien Barrère.
(from Film industry)
Image 14London IMAX has the largest cinema screen in Britain with a total screen size of 520 m². (from Film industry)
Image 15A.E. Smith filming The Bargain Fiend in the Vitagraph Studios in 1907. Arc floodlights hang overhead. (from History of film)
Image 16A production scene from the 1950 Hollywood film Julius Caesar starring Charlton Heston (from History of film)
Image 17Italian neorealist movie Bicycle Thieves (1948) by Vittorio De Sica, considered part of the canon of classic cinema (from History of film)
Image 18William Friese-Greene (from Film industry)
Image 19Off Plus Camera Film Festival in Kraków, 2012, with Andrzej Seweryn, Daniel Olbrychski, and Wojciech Pszoniak on stage. (from Film industry)
Image 20Discounted DVD home video film releases sold in the Netherlands (from Film industry)
Image 21The first two shots of As Seen Through a Telescope (1900), with the telescope POV simulated by the circular mask (from History of film)
Image 22Theater ticket sales revenue has declined since the mid-2010s. Theater revenue did not fully recover from declines during the COVID-19 pandemic when many theaters were closed. (from Film industry)
Image 23Czermak's 1855 Stereophoroskop (from History of film technology)
Image 24Complex vignette shot in die Austernprinzessin (The Oyster Princess) (from History of film)
Image 25The Jazz Singer (1927), was the first full-length film with synchronized sound. (from History of film technology)
Image 26Flying pelican captured by Marey around 1882. He created a method of recording several phases of movement superimposed into one photograph (from History of film technology)
Image 27Film still from Dickson Greeting (from History of film technology)
Image 28Salah Zulfikar and Nadia Lutfi in Saladin the Victorious (1963) (from History of film)
Image 29Publicity still for the Egyptian film My Wife, the Director General (1966) (from Film industry)
Image 30
An electrotachyscope
American Scientific, 16/11/1889, p. 303
(from History of film technology)
Image 31Cinématographe Lumière at the Institut Lumière. Lyon, France (from History of film technology)
Image 32The Hollywood Sign (from Film industry)
Image 33Publicity still for the Egyptian film Yahya el hub (1938) (from Film industry)
Image 34Old Chinese Cinema in Qufu, Shandong (from Film industry)
Image 35A scene from Raja Harishchandra (1913) – credited as the first full-length Indian motion picture. (from Film industry)
Image 36Poster for the 1956 Egyptian film Wakeful Eyes starring Salah Zulfikar and Shadia (from History of film)
Image 37The Babelsberg Studio near Berlin, the earliest large-scale film studio complex (founded 1912). Today its one of the major film studios worldwide. (from History of film)
Image 38A still from The Story of the Kelly Gang (Australia, 1906; 80 min.) (from Film industry)
Image 39The Cinématographe Lumière in projection mode (from History of film technology)
Image 40A shot from Raja Harishchandra (1913), the first film of Bollywood. (from Film industry)
Image 41Georges Méliès (left) painting a backdrop in his studio (from History of film)
Image 42Animated GIF of Prof. Stampfer's Stroboscopische Scheibe No. X (Trentsensky & Vieweg 1833) (from History of film technology)
Image 43Don Juan is the first feature-length film to use the Vitaphone sound-on-disc sound system with a synchronized musical score and sound effects, though it has no spoken dialogue. (from History of film)
Image 44Edward Raymond Turner's three-color projector, 1902 (from History of film technology)
Image 45Soad Hosny and Nour El-Sherif in People on the Top (1981) (from Film industry)
Image 46Frame from a c.1912 Chronochrome film (from History of film technology)
Image 47The Wizard of Oz (from History of film)
Image 48Oskar Messter (from History of film)
Image 49Louis Poyet [fr]'s engraving of the mechanism of the "fusil photographique" as published in La Nature (April 1882) (from History of film technology)
Image 50Akira Kurosawa, Japanese film director (from History of film)

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Credit: Darrin Fletcher

Screenwriting is the art and craft of writing scripts for film, television or video games. Writing for film is potentially one of the most high-profile and best-paying careers available to a writer and, as such, is also perhaps the most sought after.

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Did you know...

... that the movies available to Florida's first TV station were so bad early on that the host called his show "The P.U. Club"?
... that film director Orlando Bagwell initially thought that he would enter a career in medicine?
... that the 1924 film Tkies-kaf had no director until its lead actor volunteered?
... that a 1915 film about Florence Nightingale was criticised for not mentioning her pet parrot?
... that actor Dominic Sessa made his film debut with a breakthrough role as a student in the Christmas film The Holdovers?

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Hepburn in 1953

Audrey Kathleen Hepburn (née Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Recognised as a film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen legend from the Classical Hollywood cinema. She was inducted into the International Best Dressed Hall of Fame and is one of only a few entertainers who have won competitive Academy, Emmy, Grammy and Tony Awards.

Born into an aristocratic family in Ixelles, Brussels, Hepburn spent parts of her childhood in Belgium, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. She attended boarding school in Kent from 1936 to 1939. Hepburn returned to the Netherlands at the outbreak of the Second World War. She studied ballet at the Arnhem Conservatory during the war. By 1944, Hepburn was performing ballet to raise money to support the resistance. She studied with Sonia Gaskell in Amsterdam from 1945 to 1948 and then with Marie Rambert in London. (Full article...)

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Image 1

Composer Germaine Franco received multiple accolades for her work in the film.

Encanto is a 2021 American animated musical fantasy comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It was directed by Jared Bush and Byron Howard, co-directed by Charise Castro Smith, and produced by Yvett Merino and Clark Spencer. The film features original songs written by Lin-Manuel Miranda and a score composed by Germaine Franco. Stephanie Beatriz, María Cecilia Botero, John Leguizamo, Mauro Castillo, Jessica Darrow, Angie Cepeda, Carolina Gaitán, Diane Guerrero, and Wilmer Valderrama voice the Madrigals, a multigenerational Colombian family. They are led by Alma, the matriarch, whose children and grandchildren—except for Mirabel (Beatriz)—receive magical gifts from a miracle that helps them serve their rural community. When Mirabel learns that the family's magic is fading, she sets out to find out what is happening.

Premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, on November 3, 2021, the film was released theatrically in the United States on November 24 for a limited 30-day run due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Encanto grossed over $255 million worldwide and became the second highest-grossing animated film of 2021, behind Sing 2. It was met with wider commercial success after its release on Disney+ on December 24, 2021, propelled by viral internet popularity. The film has received acclaim from critics, who praised its music, animation, diversity, and portrayal of family dynamics. (Full article...)
Image 2

Christopher Nolan garnered several awards and nominations for his direction and writing.

Inception is a 2010 science fiction action film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced it with Emma Thomas, his wife, under their label Syncopy. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the dreams of his victims and is promised to have his criminal status cleared as payment for the implantation of an idea into a target's subconscious. The ensemble cast includes Ken Watanabe, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy, Cillian Murphy, Tom Berenger, Dileep Rao, and Michael Caine.

Inception premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on July 8, 2010. It was released in both conventional and IMAX theatres (in the United States and United Kingdom) by Warner Bros. Pictures on July 16. Releases in additional territories followed throughout July and August. Produced on a budget of $160 million, the film grossed $828 million worldwide, concluding its original theatrical run as the fourth-highest-grossing film of 2010. Subsequent re-releases have increased its total gross to $839 million. Inception received positive reviews from critics, who praised the story, visual effects, editing, musical score and performances (particularly DiCaprio's). On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 87% based on 364 reviews. It is considered one of the best films of 2010 and of the decade, having appeared on several critic lists for both categories. (Full article...)
Image 3
Madras is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Pa. Ranjith. It was produced by K. E. Gnanavel Raja under his production company, Studio Green. The film features Karthi and Catherine Tresa in the lead roles, with Kalaiyarasan, Riythvika and Rama playing supporting roles. The film's story revolves around Kaali (Karthi), an impulsive and short-tempered IT professional who lives in the Vyasarpadi area of Chennai. His friend Anbu (Kalaiyarasan) is killed in the midst of a feud between two factions of a political party over a building wall at one of the housing board apartments in the area. When Kaali hears of this, he decides to avenge Anbu's death. The soundtrack and score were composed by Santhosh Narayanan while the cinematography and editing were handled by Murali G and Praveen K. L. respectively.

Released on 26 September 2014, the film garnered generally positive reviews and was a commercial success at the box office. It was included in The Hindu's top 20 Tamil-language films of the year. The film won 24 awards from 51 nominations; its direction, screenplay, performances of the cast members, music, and cinematography have received the most attention from award groups. (Full article...)
Image 4
The GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Film – Limited Release is an annual award that honors films that received a limited release for excellence in the depiction of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) characters and themes. It is one of several categories of the annual GLAAD Media Awards, which are presented by GLAAD—an American non-governmental media monitoring organization—at ceremonies held primarily in New York City and Los Angeles between March and May.

The award was first given as Outstanding Independent Film at the 7th GLAAD Media Awards in 1996 to The Incredibly True Adventure of Two Girls in Love, where a clear distinction was made between films that received a limited release versus a wide release. It would be retitled to its current name during the following year. Previously, The Wedding Banquet was given a Vito Russo Film Award at the 5th GLAAD Media Awards in 1994, in a separate category from Outstanding Studio Film. GLAAD considers both The Wedding Banquet and The Incredibly True Adventure of Two Girls in Love as part of this category. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema, during the ceremonies in 2021 and 2022, the category also included films supposed to receive a theatrical release, but ended up airing on television or streaming services instead. Starting with the 2023 ceremony, due to the reorganization of the categories, this award now excludes streaming films. (Full article...)
Image 5

Current recipient: Ringgo Agus Rahman

The Citra Award for Best Actor (Indonesian: Piala Citra untuk Pemeran Utama Pria Terbaik) is an award given at the Indonesian Film Festival (FFI) to Indonesian actors for their achievements in leading roles. The Citra Awards, described by Screen International as "Indonesia's equivalent to the Oscars", are the country's most prestigious film awards and are intended to recognize achievements in films as well as to draw public interest to the film industry.

Ringgo Agus Rahman is the most recent winner for his performances in Falling in Love Like in Movies and Pawn at the 2024 and 2025 ceremonies, respectively. He became the second actor to win the award two years in a row, a distinction previously achieved by Deddy Mizwar in 1986 and 1987. (Full article...)
Image 6

Paul Greengrass received many accolades for his direction and writing of United 93.

United 93 is a 2006 British docudrama and action film written and directed by Paul Greengrass, who co-produced it with Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, and Lloyd Levin. The film largely chronicles the events aboard the United Airlines Flight 93, one of the four hijacked flights during the September 11 attacks; It is said that Flight 93 was the only plane to not hit its intended target, due to the intervention of its passengers and crew. The film also covers the experiences of government officials and air traffic controllers, many of whom are played by themselves, as they witness the other events of the attacks unfold that day. The film made its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on 25 April 2006, and Universal Pictures released it theatrically on 28 April. The film grossed $76.7 million on a $15 million budget. Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, surveyed 209 reviews and judged 90% to be positive.

United 93 garnered awards and nominations with recognition for its direction, screenplay, cinematography, and film editing. The film garnered two nominations at the 79th Academy Awards for Best Director (Greengrass) and Best Film Editing (Clare Douglas, Christopher Rouse, and Richard Pearson). At the 60th British Academy Film Awards, it received six nominations and won two awards for Best Direction and Outstanding British Film. Several critics groups including the London Film Critics' Circle, National Society of Film Critics, and New York Film Critics Circle awarded it Best Film. The American Film Institute named United 93 one of the Top Ten Films of 2006. (Full article...)
Image 7

Screenwriter Michael Arndt received multiple nominations for his work in the film.

Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American animated comedy-drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in the Toy Story franchise and the sequel to Toy Story 2 (1999). The film was directed by Lee Unkrich from a screenplay he co-wrote with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton. Toy Story 3 stars the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Jodi Benson, and John Morris. In the film, Andy's (Morris) toys are accidentally donated to a daycare center as he prepares to leave for college.

Toy Story 3 debuted at the Taormina Film Fest in Italy on June 12, 2010, and was released in the United States on June 18. Produced on a budget of $200 million, Toy Story 3 grossed $1.067 billion worldwide, finishing its theatrical run as the highest-grossing film of 2010; it ranked as the highest-grossing animated film of all time from August 2010 until March 2014. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 98% based on 309 reviews.
It is considered to be one of the greatest animated films ever, one of the best movies of the 2010s, and one of the best films of all time.
Toy Story 3 garnered awards and nominations in various categories with particular recognition for Michael Arndt's writing. It received five nominations at the 83rd Academy Awards, including Best Picture. The film won Best Animated Feature and Best Original Song ("We Belong Together"). Toy Story 3 was nominated for three awards at the 38th Annie Awards. At the 64th British Academy Film Awards, it was nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Special Visual Effects, and won Best Animated Film. (Full article...)
Image 8
Adams in 2024

Amy Adams is an American actress who made her film debut in the 1999 black comedy Drop Dead Gorgeous. She went on to guest star in a variety of television shows, including That '70s Show, Charmed, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and The Office, and also appeared in minor film roles. In 2002, she had her first major role in Steven Spielberg's biographical crime drama Catch Me If You Can. However, the film did not launch her career, as Spielberg had hoped. Three years later, she had her breakthrough by playing a joyful pregnant woman in Junebug (2005), for which she received her first Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress nomination. Two years later, Adams starred in the Disney romantic comedy Enchanted, for which she was nominated for her first Golden Globe Award for Best Actress (Comedy or Musical).

In 2008, Adams played a naive nun in the drama Doubt, opposite Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep, for which she received her second Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress. She then appeared in the comedy-drama Julie & Julia, co-starring Streep, and played Amelia Earhart in the adventure comedy sequel Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (both 2009). The following year, she expanded into dramatic roles by playing a tough barmaid in David O. Russell's sports drama The Fighter (2010), which gained her a third Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress. Following a role in the musical comedy The Muppets (2011), Adams played the strong-willed wife of a cult leader in Paul Thomas Anderson's drama The Master, opposite Hoffman. Her performance in the latter earned her a fourth Best Supporting Actress nomination at the Oscars. (Full article...)
Image 9
1957 performance of Giacomo Puccini's 1893 opera Manon Lescaut

The French novel Manon Lescaut (1731) by Antoine François Prévost has been adapted many times into stage plays, ballets, operas, and films. Manon Lescaut tells a tragic love story about a nobleman (known only as the Chevalier des Grieux) and a common woman (Manon Lescaut). Their decision to live together without marrying is the start of a moral decline that also leads to gambling, fraud, theft, murder, and Manon's death as a deported correction girl in New Orleans.

The first adaptation was a theatrical comedy in 1772. Early theatrical and operatic adaptations were not particularly successful, but in the nineteenth century, several major operas were produced. The most renowned adaptations of Manon Lescaut are the operas by Daniel Auber (1856), Jules Massenet (1884), and Giacomo Puccini (1893). Film adaptations followed as soon as the medium was invented, beginning with a 1908 silent film adaptation of Puccini's opera. Early adaptations were period films, set in the eighteenth century; later film adaptations translate the novel's story to a contemporary setting. (Full article...)
Image 10
Evita is a 1996 American musical drama film based on Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical of the same name about First Lady of Argentina, Eva Perón. Directed by Alan Parker and written by Parker and Oliver Stone, the film starred Madonna, Antonio Banderas, and Jonathan Pryce in the leading roles of Eva, Ché and Juan Perón respectively. Rice and Webber composed the film's musical score, while Darius Khondji was the cinematographer. Vincent Paterson created the choreography for the film and Gerry Hambling was responsible for editing. Penny Rose designed and created the period costumes for the film, and Brian Morris was the set designer.

Made on a budget of $56 million (equivalent to $115 million in 2025), Evita was released on December 25, 1996, and grossed over $141 million (equivalent to $289 million in 2025) worldwide. Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, surveyed 37 reviews and judged 62% to be positive. The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories and has won 19 awards from 40 nominations, with particular recognition for Madonna, Parker, Rice, Webber, and the song "You Must Love Me" from the film. (Full article...)

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It seems to me that the great gift of the film form, to the director, is that we are not forced to think of the audience. In fact, it is impossible to think of our audience. If I write a play, I must inevitably be thinking in terms of Broadway or the West End. In other words, I must visualize the audience that will come in; its social class, its prejudices and so on. But with a film, we never think of the public at all, we simply make the film the same way you sit down and write a book, and hope that they will like it.

— Orson Welles

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Lists - List of basic film topics • List of film topics • List of films • List of film festivals • List of film formats • List of film series • List of film techniques • List of highest-grossing films • List of longest films by running time • List of songs based on a film or book • Lists of film source material • List of open content films

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1961-04-13 Tale Of Century - Eichmann Tried For War Crimes
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1916)
A Date To Skate (1938)
A Trip Down Market Street (1906)
A Visit to the Seaside (1908)
A Woman of Paris, A Drama of Fate (1923) by Charlie Chaplin
Animated phenakistiscope disc - Running rats Fantascope by Thomas Mann Baynes 1833
Annie Oakley shooting glass balls, 1894
Battleship Potemkin (1925)
Betty Boop - Poor Cinderella (1934) - HD
Chicago Theatre blend
Cyrano de Bergerac (1950)
Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari
De Orient Magazine advertisement for Panggilan Darah (1941)
Detour (1945) by Edgar G. Ulmer
Die Büchse der Pandora (G. W. Pabst, 1929)
Edison's Greatest Marvel-The Vitascope - Restoration
Geneva mechanism 6spoke animation
Hallelujah (1929)
Holger Madsen - Towards The Light (Mod Lyset) 1919 4K Vintage Movie ENG DANSK
Jane Russell in The Outlaw
Lagu Kenangan (1953; obverse)
Le Chaudron infernal (Georges Méliès, 1903)
Le Voyage dans la Lune (1902)
Loie Fuller (1901)
Lonesome (1928)
MultiplaneDemo
Muybridge race horse animated
Nanook of the North
Napoléon (1927)
Night of the Living Dead (1968)
Poesaka Terpendam ad, Poestaka Timoer 66 (15 Oct 1941), p3
Poster - Island of Lost Men 01
Poster for Quo Vadis (1913 silent film) - Lygia Bound to the Wild Bull
Poster for Quo Vadis (1913 silent film)
Ratna Moetoe Manikam ad, Poestaka Timoer 66 (15 Oct 1941), p6
Regeneration (1915)
Rory Kennedy 2011
Roundhay Garden Scene (1888) 7fps
Safety Last (1923)
State Fair (1933 film poster) - Restoration
Steamboat Bill Jr. (1928)
Steamboat Willie (1928) by Walt Disney
Stunt Pyrotechnics Luc Viatour
Supir Istimewa (1954; obverse)
The Adventures of Prince Achmed (1926)
The Bank (Charlie Chaplin, 1915)
The Belle of Broadway (1926) by Harry O. Hoyt
The Cameraman (1928)
The Cheat LCCN2010649713-restored
The Cocoanuts (1929)
The Dover Boys at Pimento University 1080p
The Flying Scotsman (1929) by Castleton Knight
The Freshman
The General (1926)
The Great Train Robbery (1903)
The Hitch-Hiker
The Lion of the Moguls - Le Lion des Mogols (1924) dir. Jean Epstein
The Lodger - A Story of the London Fog (1927)
The Lost World (1925)
The Man Who Laughs (1928)
The Mummy 1932 film poster
The Mystery of the Leaping Fish (1916)
The Skeleton Dance (1929)
The Wasp Woman (1959) by Roger Corman
Till the Clouds Roll By (1946) by Richard Whorf
Wings (1927)
Winsor McCay (1912) How a Mosquito Operates